Renal test review

Question 1

1. What is your diagnosis of this kidney?
2. What are the defining features of this condition?
3. What causes this young animal to develop CRF?

Answer 1

1. Renal fibrosis secondary to renal dysplasia & glomerular hypoplasia
2. • Thin/irregular cortex
   • Thickened capsule
   • Abundant fibrosis tissue in the interstitium
   • Underdeveloped glomeruli (“FETAL GLOMERULI”)
3. With the loss of nephrons, remaining nephrons become sclerotic and disfunctional as well. With the loss of more and more nephrons, TGFR decreases and azotemia will develop.

Question 2

1. What has caused these changes within this nephron?
2. List all the abnormalities:

Answer 2

1. Increased demand on the nephron
2. • Enlarged glomerulus
   • Increased urine space
   • Dilated tubules
   • Dilated renal corpuscle

Question 3

1. What cell type is depicted next to the arrow?
2. What are the brown color changes associated with?
3. What disease process is this?

Answer 3

1. Podocytes (hypertrophied)
2. Thickened basement membrane
3. Glomerulonephritis

Question 4

Thrombosis is a risk factor or glomerular dysfunction. What 2 specific clincal disease conditions put an animal at risk of developing thombi?

Answer 4

1. Amyloidosis
2. Nephrotic syndrome

Question 5

1. What is your morphologic diagnosis?
2. What 3 changes does this lead to (these changes are a pathway to one another as well?

Answer 5

1. Renal amyloidosis; amyloid in the glomeruli
2. • Glomerular dysfunction
   • Proteinuria (leaks protein because the filtration membrane is messed up)
   • Nephrotic syndrom

Question 6

Membranoproliferative GN can be found on which side of the filtration membrane?

Answer 6

Subendothelial

Question 7

1. What disease process has taken over this horse kidney?
2. What are 3 consequencees of this condition?

Answer 7

1. Glomerulonephritis (notice granularity)
2. • Nephrotic syndrome
   • Thombosis
   • CRF with chronic GN

Question 8

How can glomerulonephritis lead to this?

Answer 8

This is subcutaneous edema. GN causes a damage to the glomeruli and hence the glomerular filtration apparatus. This animal will develop proteinemia and hypoalbuminemia as a result of the glomerular injury. With decreased protein in circulation, oncotic pressure decreases and fluid leaks into the subcuticular space.

Question 9

What type of necrosis is renal crest necrosis?

Answer 9

Coagulative

Question 10

What is your diagnosis?

Answer 10

Vasculocentric nephritis