Renal cell carcinoma Flashcards
1
Q
Describe the epidemiology of Kidney cancer
A
- Men more affected than women
- Most common in the 6th-8th decade
- Arise from Proximal convoluted tubule
- RCC = 90% renal malignancies
- More common in renal dialysis patients
2
Q
What are some risk factors for developing Kidney cancer
A
- Smoking
- Obesity
- Chemical exposure: absestos, lead, petrochemicals
- Renal failure & dialysis
- PKD
3
Q
Describe the presentation of Renal cancer
A
- often presents late-often an incidental finding
- 25% metastasised on presentation
- *Haematuria
- *Abdominal mass
- *Flank/Loin pain
- Malaise
- Pyrexia of unknown origin
- Anorexia
- Weight loss
4
Q
Investigations of suspected Renal cancer
A
-50% diagnosed as an incidental finding on imaging
Bloods
- FBC: polycythaemia (EPO secretion)
- Raised ESR
- Raised ALP or Ca2+ = bone mets
Imaging
- USS
- CT
- RI
Biopsy (radiologically guided?)
5
Q
Treatment of Renal cancer
A
Nephrectomy-total (T2) or partial (T1) (nephron sparing if possible)
-Chemo/Radio resistant
Angiogenesis targeting agents - sunitinib
6
Q
Describe the mayo prognostic score
A
-RCC survival prediction
SSIGN
- Stage
- SIze
- Grade
- Necrosis
- low score = high survival (90%+)
- High score (>10) = 20% survival
