religion in a global context Flashcards
1
Q
how has globalisation impacted religion
A
- religions are now transnational
- deterritorialisation of religion
2
Q
examples of globalised religion
A
- 1/3 of muslims now constitute minority groups in many western countries
- large Christian communities in china
- large jewish presence in argentina
- more russian orthodox churches outside of Russia than in
3
Q
what does giddens say about fundamentalism and globalisation
A
- fundamentalism is a new concept
- fundamentalism is a responce to post modernism
4
Q
what is cosmopolitanism
A
- a way of thinking about the world that embraces modernisation, is tolerant of other views
5
Q
what are castells 2 responses to post modernity
A
- project identities – a forward looking reponse which embraces progression and change
- resistant identities – a defensive reaction of those who feel threatened and thus turn to fundamentalism
6
Q
what are bruces two types of fundamentalism
A
- western fundamentalism – usually develops as a result of changes occurring within their own societies
- third world fundamentalism – tends to develop as a response to outsider cults forcing change
7
Q
how might religion be a cultural defence
A
- many countries use religion to restore their individual identities
- religion is therefore a cultural defence
8
Q
how has globalisation created a clash of civilians
A
- religion has been at the centre of a number of global conflicts
- Huntington sees this as a wider clash of civilisations as people are coming into contact with each other because of globalisation
9
Q
what does it mean that religion is transnational
A
- no part of the world is constituted exclusively of one set of religious ideas
- followers of every religion are found everywhere
- in other words this is the deterritorialisation of religion and instead religious beliefs and practices have become part of global religious systems
10
Q
what does bauman believe
A
- although diversity, choice and freedom in the post modern world are potentially positive factors, they also heighten uncertainty and risk and as such, fundamentalism attempts to restore certainty and eliminate risk
