Religion and the Temples

Question 1

Greek animal sacrifice

Answer 1

1. clean
2. wear best clothes
3. gild horns
4. lead by attendants (maid w basket and knife, musicians- calm animal, water bearers)
5. cleanse at altar
6. light fire
7. make animal nod w water
8. prayer from chief sacrificer , throw grain into fire
9. animal hair in fire by CS
10. throat cut and blood on altar
    11.women scream
11. wrap thigh in fat and burn w/ wine for god first due to Prometheus
12. read entrails
13. cook and share meat

Question 2

hecatomb

Answer 2

Greek, 100 bulls in festivals- Olympic games and great Panathenaia

Question 3

hierus/ hiera Greek

Answer 3

greek priest male and female

Question 4

mantis Greek

Answer 4

greek soothsayer who read entrails of animals or bird signs

Question 5

augur Greek

Answer 5

read flight of birds greek

Question 6

Priest Roman

Answer 6

pax deorum maintained, had other jobs, veiled, political power, 3 colleges: vestal virgins, augurs, pontifices

Question 7

Pontifices Roman

Answer 7

Most important college
headed by Pontifex Maximus chosen from Ps by prior PM (emperor after Augustus, 13BC)
usually 15
mediator of man and god
protection of temples
regulation of burial
inheritance laws
supervision of religious calendar

Question 8

Augurs Roman

Answer 8

Took auspices- flight of birds, direction of thunder, behaviour of animals
Before battle, business transaction or marriage
Rom and Rem
Could easily influence decisions - corruption
Used Lituus- curly staff

Question 9

Vestal Virgins Roman

Answer 9

6 priestesses
goddess vesta- hearth
Chosen from age 6-10 by PM, had to be healthy w 2 living parents, prestigious families
had to serve 30 years
chaste
sacred flame, mola salsa, store documents
House of Vestals in Forum, front row seats, property, will, vote
whipped if no flame
buried alive and man whipped if sex

Question 10

Haruspex Roman

Answer 10

read entrails
used model bronze animal liver
watch how animal fell
examine smoke
check liver for spots

Question 11

Sacrifices Roman

Answer 11

Led by PM or priv citizen
1. all participants wash w/ best clothes
2. gild horns and ribbons
3. lead to altar
4. PM veil head
5. flute players to calm animal
6. mola salsa and wine sprinkle causes nod
7. popa strikes to stun (official w/ wooden rod)
8.cultaris (official) slit throat single blow
9.priest says prayer w god name and reason
10. gods eat, entrails red
11. meat shared in hierarchy order.0