Regeneration and repair

Question 1

What is regeneration?

Answer 1

replacement of dead or damaged cells by functional, differentiated cells.

Question 2

What is the role of a stem cell?

Answer 2

Potentially limitless proliferation as the internal repair system

Question 3

What is the difference between unipotent, totipotent and multipotent?

Answer 3

Unipotent- only produce 1 type of cell e.g. epithelia
Multipotent- produce several types of cell e.g. heamopoitic
totipotent- produce any type of cell e.g. embryonic stem cell

Question 4

What are the different cell types and how can their activity affect the regeneration process?

Answer 4

Labile- normally active G1 state e.g. epithelia
Stable- arrested in G0 e.g. hepatocytes
Permanent- unable to regenerate e.g. cardiomyocytes

Question 5

Name some growth factors involved in repair

Answer 5

EGF, PDGF, FGF, oestrogen, testosterone

Question 6

Define fibrous repair

Answer 6

replacement of functional tissue by scar tissue

Question 7

What are the three stages of repair?

Answer 7

Inflammatory cells infiltrate
Clot forms and angiogenesis
Maturation of collagen