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Chemistry Key Points > Reaction Conditions > Flashcards

Reaction Conditions Flashcards

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1
Q

Alkane to Halogenoalkane

A

X₂
UV light

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2
Q

Halogenoalkane to Alkene

A

NaOH or KOH
Ethanol
Reflux

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3
Q

Halogenoalkane to Alcohol

A

Aqueous
NaOH or KOH
Reflux

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4
Q

Halogenoalkane to Nitrile

A

KCN
Ethanol
Reflux

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5
Q

Halogenoalkane to Primary Amine

A

Excess NH₃
Heat

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6
Q

Alkene to Halogenoalkane

A

HX
25°C

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7
Q

Nitrile to Primary Amine

A

LiAlH₄
Dry ether then dilute acid

H₂
Ni or Pt catalyst
High Temperature
High Pressure

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8
Q

Secondary/Tertiary amine and their salts or Quaternary ammonium salts

A

NH₃
Heat
Excess Halogenoalkane

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9
Q

Alkene to Dihalogenoalkane

A

X₂
25°C

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10
Q

Alkene to Alcohol

A

H₃PO₄ Catalyst
Steam
300°C
60 atm

H₂O
H₂SO₄ catalyst

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11
Q

Alcohol to Alkene

A

Aqueous
Conc H₂SO₄ (acts as catalyst)

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12
Q

Alcohol to Aldehyde/Ketone

A

Acidified K₂Cr₂O₇
Distillation

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13
Q

Aldehyde/Ketone to Alcohol

A

Aqueous NaBH₄
Methanol

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14
Q

Alcohol/Aldehyde to Carboxylic acid

A

Acidified K₂Cr₂O₇
Reflux

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15
Q

Aldehyde/Ketone to Hydroxynitrile

A

Acidified KCN or HCN
25°C

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16
Q

Carboxylic Acid to Ester

A

Alcohol
Conc H₂SO₄ catalyst
Reflux

17
Q

Ester to Carboxylic Acid

A

Dilute acid catalyst
H₂O
Reflux

Dilute alkali
Reflux

18
Q

Acyl Chloride to Carboxylic Acid

A

H₂O
25°C

19
Q

Acyl Chloride to Ester

A

Alcohol
25°C

20
Q

Acyl Chloride to Primary Amide

A

NH₃
25°C

21
Q

Acyl Chloride to N-Substituted Amide

A

Amine
25°C

22
Q

Benzene to Nitrobenzene

A

Conc H₂SO₄ and conc HNO₃
Below 55°C

23
Q

Nitrobenzene to phenylamine

A

Sn
Conc HCL and reflux
NaOH

24
Q

Phenylamine to N-phenylethanamide

A

CH₃COCl
25°C

25
Q

Benzene to phenylketone

A

RCOCl
AlCl₃ catalyst
Reflux
Anhydrous

Chemistry Key Points (6 decks)

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