Raynaud's Phenomenon Flashcards

1
Q

What is Raynaud’s phenomenon?

A

Vasospasms of the digits.

It is painful and is characterised by a sequence of coulour changes in response to a cold stimulus.

It can slo be precipitated by stress.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What colour changes are seen in Raynaud’s?

A

White -> Blue -> Red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does white digits mean?

A

Inadequate blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does blue digits mean?

A

Venous stasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does red digits mean?

A

Re-warming hyperaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is Raynaud’s syndrome?

A

It is the term used when the cause is idiopathic.

It is quite common in young women and may improve as they get older.

It may be familial

Treatment comprises of measures to keep digits warm and to avoid smoking.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When should you be thinking that RP might be due to a secondary cause?

A

If it develops over the age of 30.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does RP with an abnormal nail-fold capillaries, or puffy fingers, or photosensitive rash suggest?

A

A rheumatic cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What diseases is RP associated with?

A

Scleroderma

SLE

Dermatomyositis

Polymyositis

Sjögren’s syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What physical causes is RP associated with?

A

Use of heavy vibrating tools

Cervical rib

Sticky blood .e.g cryoglobulinaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Drugs that can cause RP.

A

Beta blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Episodic pattern of Raynaud’s syndrome.

A

Last minutes an the pattern is symmetrical and bilateral.

Tissue necrosis is rare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Episodic pattern in RP of 2ndary cause.

A

May last for hours and pattern is often asymmetrical with only few digits affected.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Treatment of RP.

A

Keep digits warm and avoid smoking.

CCBs are first line such as nifedipine.

Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors and prostacyclins can be used as well.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Complications of RP.

A

Digital ulcers

Severe digital ischaemia

Infection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is nail-fold capillaroscopy good for?

A

Non-invasive procedure that can be used to diagnose scleroderma and DM.

17
Q
A