Randoms I got wrong

Question 1

what do CCBs do for the heart?

Answer 1

help to decrease pressure/stiffness and help LV filling in the presence of diastolic heart failure (they are not helpful for systolic dysfunction)

Question 2

What is an epidural hematoma and what’s a big difference in presentation?

Answer 2

due to meningeal artery injury (near the uncal area of the brain(
*pupillary change on the side of the injury will change before sustained change in LOC

Question 3

bowel sounds, high or low pitched, in small bowel obstruction?

Answer 3

high pitched with SBO (small bowel also vomiting)

Question 4

patient with ATN (acute tubular necrosis) is unable to eliminate _________

Answer 4

magnesium and potassium (they also go into metabolic acidosis bc bicarbonate regulation is lost)

Question 5

what kind of med is Enalaprilat (Vasotec)

Answer 5

causes vasodilation and decreases SVR

an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor

Question 6

Keep pCO2 __________ when the pt has ICP monitoring

Answer 6

30-35mmHg

• hypoventilation can cause vasodilation and increased ICP
• hyperventilation (greater than 30) may decrease O2 to the brain due to vasoconstriction caused by alkalosis

Question 7

What is Kehr’s sign?

Answer 7

sharp pain to the left shoulder, sign of a ruptured spleen, or other diaphragmatic irritation

Question 8

eye flickering and seizures are most indicative of what drug overdose?

Answer 8

PCP

Question 9

what are signs that a patient with an asthma exacerbation needs mechanical support?`

Answer 9

in an ABG, normalization of PaCO2 and hypoxia for the tachypneic patient
-shows that the pt is tiring out

Question 10

BUN requiring dialysis?

Answer 10

not sure , but 20:1 shows they need fluids

Question 11

what medications are recommended for hypertensive crisis?

Answer 11

labetalol and nitro

• labetalol: lowers BP and provides some anti-ischemic effect (use with chest pain and HTN)
• nitro: good for BP but not recommended for cardiac ischemia

Question 12

systolic murmur at the apex is usually….

Answer 12

due to mitral valve regurgitation

Question 13

A diastolic murmur at the left sternal border is usually…

Answer 13

due to tricuspid valve disease

Question 14

An S3 heart sound at the apex is thought to be due to ______

Answer 14

high pressure within the LV (in heart failure)

Question 15

S4 is usually due to….

Answer 15

hypertension of acute MI