RANDOM CRAP

Question 1

Killing of encapsulated bacteria

Answer 1

Shine Skis Please

IgM–> complement activation –C3b activation and opsonization

Question 2

Splenectomy Findingss

Answer 2

Lymphocytosis (b/c can't sequester 
Thrombocytosis (because can't sequester)
Howell Jolly bodies: nuclear remnants 
Target Cells 
Susceptibility to encapsulated bacteria

Question 3

NK cells

Answer 3

• MARKERS CD16 AND CD56
  par tof the innate immune sx
• activated adn enhanced by IL-2, IL-12, INF-A, IFN-B
• Responds to non-specific antigens
• responds to cells that have no MHC I
• can be activated to antigen dependent killing via CD16

Question 4

Regulatory T Cells

Answer 4

Help maintain immune tolerance by suppressing CD4 and CD8 cell effector functions (like killing and activating)
Also suppress B cells from producing antibodies
Marks: CD3, 4, 25, and FOXP3
Produce anti-inflammatory cytokines: IL-10, TGF-B

Question 5

C1 esterase Inhibitor Deficiency

Answer 5

Inc. in bradykinin–> hereditary angioedema

Question 6

C3 Deficiency

Answer 6

Inc. susceptibility to pyogenic infections (Severe URI, sinus infection)
Inc. susceptibility to Type 3 hypersensitivity reactions

Question 7

C5-C9 deficiency

Answer 7

MAC complex deficiceny

susceptible to Nisseria Meningitis (gram -)

Question 8

DAF deficiency

Answer 8

Decay activation factor (CD55) causes complement mediated lysis of RBC’ss and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinura

Question 9

Blood Transfusion Rxn - Allergic Rxn

Answer 9

Type 1 hypersensitivity rxn against plasma sensitive proteins in the transfused blood
SX: uticaria, pruritis, wheezing, fever
Tx: antihistamines

Question 10

Anaphlyatic Reaction

Answer 10

Type 1 Hypersensitivity rxn
ex: Severe allergic reaction, IgA deficient individuals receive IgA in a blood transfusion
Sx: dysnpnea, bronchospasm, shock, respiratory arrest,
Tx: epi

Question 11

Febrile Nonhemolytic transfusion rxn

Answer 11

Type 2 hypersensitivity rxn
Host antibodies against donor HLA antigens and WBC
Sx: Fever, chills, HA, flushing

Question 12

Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction

Answer 12

Type 2 hypersensitivity rxn

1. Intravascular hemolysis (ABO incompatibility) - Fever, hypotension, tachycardia, pain, hemoglonbinuria
2. extravascular hemolysis (Host antibody reaction against foreign antigen on donor) - jaundice

Question 13

Splenectomy Indications

Answer 13

Target cells
Howell Jolly Bodies (nuclear remnants)
Thrombocytosis
Leukocytosis

Question 14

How innate immunity recogizes pathogens

Answer 14

TLR (Toll like receptor) - identify the PAMP (Pattern Associated Molecular Pathogen )

Question 15

How spleen Kills encapsulated bacteria

Answer 15

IgM mediated –> Inc. complement –> C3B opsonization –> encapsulated killing via macgrophages

Question 16

NK cell activity enhanced by…

Answer 16

il-2, il-12, IFN-a, IFN-b

Question 17

NK cells

Answer 17

Kill via Antibody mediated : by binding the Fc portion of the antibody with CD16, also by inducing apoptosis with granzymes and perforins
- absence of MCH I will get you killed

Question 18

Cytotoxic T cells

Answer 18

Kill virus infected cell, cancer/neoplastic cells, donor graft cells
induce apoptosis via granzymes and perforins