Random Flashcards
Orbital cellulitis: most common organisms
-S aureus, Strep pneumo
Most common orbital mass in childhood
dermoid cyst
- usually superotemporal
- may induce bony erosion
- tx: complete excision
Most common benign tumor of orbit in children
Capillary hemangioma
-superonasal quadrant of orbit, medial upper lid
Lesion that waxes and wanes, worse with URI
- Lymphangioma
- superonasal
- pain, proptosis, bluish hue to overlying lid
- can appear as chocolate cyst
- spontaneous regression common
Proptosis that increases with crying or straining
- Orbital varix
- tx: surgery
plexiform neurofibroma
- assoc with NF1
- most commonly upper lid
- proliferation of Schwann cells
- tx: surgical excision
Most common primary orbital malignancy of children
Rhabdomyosarcoma
- spindle cell tumor
- superonasal orbit
- M>F
- Tx: XRT, chemo
Most common metastatic orbital tumor of childhood
Neuroblastoma
- sudden proptosis and periorbital ecchymosis
- can have ipsilateral horner’s and opsoclonus
- tx: chemo and XRT
Horner-Trantas dots
- VKC
- elevated accumulation of eosinophils at limbus
Megalocornea
- X linked (90% male)
- carrier mothers have enlarged corneal nerves
DDx congenital cloudy cornea
- Sclerocornea
- Tears in descemet’s
- Ulcers
- Metabolic dsease
- Peters
- Edema (CHED)
- Dermoids
Most common cause of posterior uveitis
Toxoplasmosis
DDx peripheral vascular changes and retinal draggin
FEVR
Incontinentia pigmenti (Bloch-Sulzberger)
X linked retinoschisis
ROP
DDx CHRPE
- Reactive hyperplasia of RPE
- Massive gliosis of retina
- Combined hamartoma of retina
- Melanotic choroidal nevus or melanoma
- BDUMP
- Adenoma or adenocarcinoma of RPE
- Metastatic melanoma to retina
DDx nyctalopia
- Myopia (uncorrected)
- Vit A def
- Zinc def
- Choroideremia
- Gyrate atrophy
- CSNB
- Goldmann-Favre
