Radiology lecture

Question 1

Intraperitoneal organs vs Retroperitoneal organs

Answer 1

Intraperitoneal (SLATD SPRSS)

S = Stomach

A = Appendix

L = Liver

T = Transverse colon

D = duodenum (the first five centimeters and the fourth part)

S = Small intestines (jejunum, ileum and cecum)

P = Pancreas (only the tail)

R = Rectum (only the upper third)

S = Sigmoid colon

S = Spleen

Retroperitoneal

• kidneys
• adrenals
• pancreas
• most of duodenum
• ascending and descending colon

Question 2

Problems with liver and gallbladder and symptoms

Answer 2

Liver - trauma, cancer, cholestasis
Gall bladder - gallstones, cholecystitis, cancer
(symp - pain, jaundice)
-Gallbladder - SORE RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT

Question 3

what to do to investigate liver and gallbladder

Answer 3

ultrasound, ct scan, MRI, ERCP (gallstone - straight to ultrasound more clear)

Question 4

What colour is liquid on a Ultrasound

Answer 4

black - bile and blood

Question 5

What can be seen with gall stone blocking gall bladder path

Answer 5

Cholecystitis (inflammed gall bladder, cystic duct blocked - gall stones)

• thickened wall
• inflammation, fluid around the gallbladder
• can sometimes see the gallstone (white)

Question 6

Spleen - what can go wrong

Answer 6

• trauma, cancer , portal hypertension, congenital cycts

- can get inflammed spleen

Question 7

2 ways to get free air in gut, how to test

Answer 7

trauma , gut perforation (can see it in retroperitonum)

-upper right chest xray , not good on ultrasound

Question 8

Stomach and what to use

Answer 8

cancer, or mets (CT) - Abdo xray , CT second problem solver

Question 9

Small bowel

Answer 9

obstruction, crohns, cancer, ischaemia

• Pain, hematemesis, vomiting, weight loss
• can see blown up small bowel sometimes

Question 10

What is ultrasound best for

Answer 10

Solid things, so good for gall stones, but not free air

-Use for appendicitis

Question 11

Large bowel and symptoms and investigations

Answer 11

Cancer, infection, appendicitis, IBD, ischaemia

• altered bowel habits, PR blood, malaena
• Abdo xray, colonoscopy, barium enema, CT or CT colonoscopy

Question 12

Pancrease

Answer 12

Pancreatitits, cancer, trauma, diabetets

Question 13

When is IV contrast and oral contrast used?

Answer 13

IV - used to enhance liver, spleen, kidneys and vessels - CT and MRI
Oral - enhance the gut CT