Quiz 1 Terms

Question 1

Shared traits inherited by a common ancestor

Answer 1

Homologois traits

Question 2

Analogous Traits

Answer 2

Superficially similar traits that have no ancestral linkage

Question 3

An analogous trait that arose independently

Answer 3

Homoplasy

Question 4

Includes the ancestor and all descendants on a cladogram (only valid group)

Answer 4

Monophyletic group

Question 5

Contains the ancestor and some decendants on a cladogram

Answer 5

Paraphyletic group

Question 6

Group of taxa that excludes common ancestor and other related taxa in a cladogram

Answer 6

Polyphyletic group

Question 7

Size, shape, or structure of an organism or it’s parts

Answer 7

Morphology

Question 8

Phenotypic or genetic similarities due to shared ancestry

Answer 8

Homology

Question 9

Shared derived character (mammals and fur)

Answer 9

Synapomorphy

Question 10

Ancestral traits

Answer 10

Plesiomorphy

Question 11

Unique derived trairs

Answer 11

Apomorphy

Question 12

Shows relationships between groups (branch length has no meaning)

Answer 12

Cladogram

Question 13

Shows evolutionary history of species (branches are proportional to time)

Answer 13

Phylogram

Question 14

Evolutionary history of a species or group of related species

Answer 14

Phylogeny

Question 15

A discipline focused on classifying organisms and their evolutionary relationships

Answer 15

Systematics

Question 16

Assumes tree with the fewest evolutionary steps (newly derived characters) is most likely

Answer 16

Maximal parsimony