Quiz 1 MP3

Question 1

Before a cell begins the process of copying its’ DNA the DNA must first have the hydrogen bonds holding complementary base pairs broken apart (unzipped) by an enzyme known as

Answer 1

Helicase

Question 2

Before DNA can be copied and put into a new cell the chromosomes must be copied ina process called

Answer 2

DNA Replication

Question 3

What phase of the Cell Cycle does DNA become copied?

Answer 3

Interphase

Question 4

When DNA Replication is complete there are __________ new identical DNA strands?

Answer 4

2

Question 5

Explain DNA Replication in your own words

Answer 5

-We have a strand if DNA that we need to make a copy of
-The enzyme helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds
-As the strands separate, polymerase pairs the strands (A to T and G to C)
-We end up with two identical strands of DNA

Question 6

Describe genotypes

Answer 6

The allele combination an organism contains

Question 7

Describe phenotype

Answer 7

The way an organism looks and behaves

Question 8

Since DNA is made up of __________ strands twisted together its shape is called a

Answer 8

Double helix

Question 9

What is the role of DNA helicase in the replication of DNA?

Answer 9

“unzip” the DNA
(break the hydrogen bonds)

Question 10

What type of biological molecule is DNA helicase?

Answer 10

Enzyme

Question 11

What parts of the nucleotide make up the sides (backbone) of the “ladder”?

Answer 11

Sugar and phosphate

Question 12

DNA is often drawn in a “ladder model”. What part(s) make up the rungs of the “ladder” (where you step on a ladder)?

Answer 12

The nitrogenous bases - guanine, cytosine, thymine, and adenine

Question 13

Which nucleotide component contains nitrogen?

Answer 13

The base

Question 14

What kind of sugar is found in a nucleotide?

Answer 14

Simple sugar (deoxyribose)

Question 15

What type of bond holds the complementary base pairs together?

Answer 15

Hydrogen

Question 16

The genetic material of a cell is located within the _____ of the cell.

Answer 16

nucleus

Question 17

One of the first steps that occurs during the process of DNA REPLICATION is that the enzyme
(A)
_breaks the hydrogen bonds hoiding together complementary base
pairs. Once each strand is broken apart the enzyme DNA
(B).
finds a
new nitrogen base pair for each open nitrogen base.

Answer 17

a) helicase
b) polymerase

Question 18

In your own words give your best definition / explanation to the terms SEMICONSERVATIVE REPLICATION?

Answer 18

A piece of the original is used to build a new half of DNA (a new side of DNA)

Question 19

What are the three parts that make up a NUCLEOTIDE?

Answer 19

Phosphate group
Simple sugar (deoxyribose)
Nitrogenous bases (ATGC)

Question 20

The term homozygous can be defined as being an organism in which it’s two alleles for the traits are DIFFERENT.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

The term heterozygous can be defined as an organism in which it’s two alleles for the trait are the SAME.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

TRUE / FALSE: Gregor Mendel chose to study pea plants because they reproduced sexually due to the fact that pea plants produce male and female gametes on the same plant.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

TRUE / FALSE: DNA is a MONOMER made of repeating subunits called NITROGENOUS BASES.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

Write in the space provided below the full and accurate name for the molecule of life, DNA.

Answer 24

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 25

The following scientist is best known for their contribution to the discovery of the molecular structure of DNA.

Answer 25

Rosalind Franklin

Question 26

Who chose to study pea plants because they reproduced sexually due to the fact that pea plants produce male and female gametes on the same plant?

Answer 26

Gregor Mendel

Question 27

Number the steps below in order to describe the replication of DNA in a cell. a)Hydrogen bonds between nucleotides form. b)Hydrogen bonds between nucleotides break. c)Strands of DNA separate. d)Free nucleotides are attracted to exposed bases on the loose strands of DNA.

Answer 27

a) 4 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3

Question 28

DNA molecules can be tens of thousands of base pairs in length. Mistakes in DNA replication lead to mutations, which may or may not be harmful to an organism. How does semi-conservative replication help prevent mutations during DNA replication?

Answer 28

The new base must fit with the old, so the old will make an exact copy when base pairing