Questions from Quizzes

Question 1

The neurotransmitter that accelerates heart rate in mammals is called _____

Answer 1

Norepinephrine

Question 2

Neurons are usually identified by the principal ____ in their axon terminals.

Answer 2

neurotransmitter

Question 3

A neuron that uses acetylcholine as its main neurotransmitter is called _____

Answer 3

cholinergic

Question 4

_____ was the first to seriously attempt to explain how information travels through the nervous system.

Answer 4

René Descartes

Question 5

The difference in the relative abundance of a substance among regions of a container is called the _____.

Answer 5

concentration gradient

Question 6

Equilibrium is achieved when the concentration gradient is equal to the _____

Answer 6

voltage gradient

Question 7

EPSPs and IPSPs that occur close together in both _____ are summed

Answer 7

time and space

Question 8

The receptor complex that has both a receptor site for a chemical and a pore through which ions can flow is called the _____

Answer 8

transmitter-activated channels

Question 9

The ______ is an extension of the nuclear membrane.

Answer 9

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 10

A consensual experiment directed toward developing a treatment is called a(n) ____

Answer 10

clincial trial

Question 11

A branching diagram that represents groups of related animals is called a

Answer 11

cladogram

Question 12

An individual’s capacity to develop into a range of phenotypes is called phenotypic _____

Answer 12

plasticity

Question 13

The body segment corresponding to a
segment of the spinal cord is called a(n) _____

Answer 13

dermatome

Question 14

Neurotransmitter most linked to parkinson’s disease

Answer 14

Dopamine

Question 15

Autoreceptor

Answer 15

• Negative feedback loop on the presynaptic membrane
• Shuts down further release of that neurotransmitter

Question 16

Proteins evolved with the gap junction

Answer 16

connexin proteins

Question 17

G proteins

Answer 17

cascade of activity that changes the STRUCTURE

Question 18

Second messengers

Answer 18

a substance whose release within a cell is promoted by a hormone and which brings about a response by the cell

Question 19

Habituation

Answer 19

• Learning behavior in which a response to a stimulus weakens with repeated presentations of the stimulus
• less Ca2+ influx results in less neurotransmitters being released.

Question 20

Sensitization

Answer 20

• Learning behavior in which the response to a stimulus strengthens with repeated presentations between the stimulus is novel or stronger than normal
• more Ca2+ influx results in more transmitters being released.

Question 21

Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 21

chronic autoimmune disorder in which antibodies destroy the communication between nerves and muscle, resulting in weakness of the skeletal muscles