Questions Flashcards
Decision-making authority at Prarie is highly
Centralized
A collaborative office features which of the following disadvantages?
less efficiency in the shared space
When an organization reaches 2000 employees, which of the following is true?
Size is less influential on structure
Which type of structure tends to work best with an innovation strategy?
Organic
The ___ structure is an advanced version of the matrix organization, where employees continuously work on assignments that are an orientation of a task
Project
A learning organization is one that has developed
the capacity to adapt and change
The current organization design at Prairie’s is best described as
Mechanist
Under which of the following circumstances should an organization use more decentralization?
The company is geographically dispersed
The principle that each employee should report to only one manager is called
unity of command
Which type of structure tends to work best with a cost-minimization strategy?
mechanistic
Proctor & Gamble organizes its 300 brands into five main categories: family care, fabric care, beauty care, health care, and food and beverage. They use ___ departmentalization
Product
Which of the following is a strength of divisional structure?
Focuses on results
Universal office supplies has organized its sales department under its three main account types: Wholesale, retail, and government. Universal is using ___ departmentalization
Customer
___ Refers to the rights inherent in a position that allow a manager to tell subordinates what to do and then expect them to do it
Authority
As the number of employees in an organization grows, the structure tends to become more
Formalized
To effectively compete against lower-priced foreign manufacturers, Mr. Johnson concludes that Prairie needs to pursue a strategy of cost minimization. The efficiency and tight controls associated with this strategy are best achieved through ___ structure
mechanistic
The three most common traditional organizational designs are __ structure
simple, functional, and divisional
Many of Custom Leather’s 75 employees are highly skilled and experienced artisans. While there is a division of labour, the jobs of most production workers are not highly standardized. Management has found that employees take great pride in their craft, thus requiring minimal formal rules and little direct supervision. These traits are most typical of an ___ organization.
Organic
The degree to which tasks in an organization are divided into separate jobs is called
work specialization
Organizational learning cannot take place without ___
information
Today, selection techniques that result in reject errors can open the organization to
charges of employee discrimination
Who would usually hear an appeal if an employee felt they had been inappropriately accused of sexual harassment?
a manager at a higher level not associated with the case
A list of minimum qualifications or requirements needed by an employee to perform a job is known as
job specification
The difference between firing and layoffs is that
layoffs are not permanent
Mike is considering the workforce reduction option of ____ for the older workers
Early Retirements
Jamar has taken the same keyboarding test four times on four different days. He has scored approximately the same score each time. This test has high
Reliability
To find out more about a job with a title of “assistant media buyer”, which of the following would you find most helpful
Job description
Which of the following is described as a work-life balance benefit?
Telecommuting
__ is a pay system that rewards employees for the job skills and competencies they can demonstrate
Skill-based pay
Prior to the start of the national sales meeting at the end of Jan. Wade has scheduled a video conference with each of his employees to conduct their formal performance appraisal. He decided to make up a list of performance factors such as quantity and quality of work, job knowledge, cooperation, and initiative, and has ranked each employee on each factor using a five-point incremental scale. This approach is most consistent with what technique
Adjective rating scales
____ Familiarizes the employee with the goals of the work unit and includes an introduction to his or her new co-workers
Work unit orientation
The lengthy process by which a job is examined in detail to identify the skills, knowledge, and behaviors necessary to perform the job is known as a ___
Job analysis
Which of the following training methods is also called an apprenticeship in certain industries
mentoring
After the new year, Wade schedules a day to travel with each of his sales reps. He presents them with their bonus cheques from the preceding year. Each employee is ranked on a percentile scale, indicating their relative performance for the year. Wade must provide management with a report offering reasons for poor performance and suggesting corrective actions. This is most representative of which performance appraisal technique
multiperson comparison
With ___ training, employees learn how to do tasks simply by performing them
on-the job
The company is using selection devices that are __ because once on the job employees with high scores on a device outperform employees with low scores on the same device
valid
Job analysis is concerned with which of the following aspects of human resource planning
determining what behaviors are necessary to perform a job
Which one of the three items would NOT be used for performance appraisals
realistic job preview (RJP)
The nature of manufacturing process and the need to have regular employee attendance at the facility makes some employee engagement initiatives impractical for Stevens company. Steven decides that improving engagement is important nonetheless. Which of the following initiatives would be most appropriate for Stevens company to improve employee engagement?
NOT THE OPTION VARIABLE COMPENSATION
Which of the following is an accurate statement about selection criteria validity
A valid selection device would measure the same thing consistently
Which of the following is TRUE concerning the four behavioural theories?
each structures work relationship meets job goals
Trait theories of leadership focus on how leaders interact with their followers.
False
According to the behavioural theories conclusions on the best leadership style, which has the highest concern for productivity?
Managerial Grid
Jared’s boss encourages employees to participate in the decision-making process but does not give them complete freedom to do as they like. What kind of leadership style does Jared’s boss have?
Democratic
Effective leaders, as defined in your text share eight key traits, which of the following is commonly found in effective leaders?
Emotional intellgience
According to the University of Iowa studies, a leader who allows his employees complete freedom to make decisions using a __ leadership style
Laissez-Fair
Individuals who can influence others and provide vision and strategy to the organization are called
leaders
Autocratic leaders tend to delegate authority and involve employees in decision making
False
If a trait theory of leadership were true, then all leaders would possess
The same traits
According to the University of Iowa studies, the __ style of leadership describes a leader who tends to involve employees in decision making, delegates authority, encourages participation in deciding work methods, and goals, and uses feedback as an opportunity for coaching employees
Democratic
Monica’s boss allows her to make any decision she thinks is important on the spot without consulting anyone. What kind of leadership style does Monica’s boss have?
Laissez-faire style
Laissez-fair leaders are notorious for micro-managing their employees and influencing all aspects of employee work-life
False
Behavioural theories of leadership focused on
What effective leaders did
Trait research has given managers the ability to pick out leaders from the group
False
Leaders provide vision and strategy to the organization; managers implement that vision and strategy, coordinate and staff the orientation, and handle day-to-day problems
True
According to your text, ___ provide vision and strategy to the organization, while __ implement vision and strategy
Leaders; managers
Early leadership trait research looked to find characteristics that might
differentiate leaders from non-leaders
Because leading is one of the four basic managerial functions, ___ leaders
all managers should be
Which behavioural theory is concerned with results more than the design on the job
Managerial grid
Which type of theory is deisgned to identify characteristics that differentiate leaders from non-leaders
trait
Janice is a friendly and outgoing manager who constantly shows concern for the needs of her employees. According to the path-goal theory, she is demonstrating which leadership style?
supportive
According to the path-goal theory, which leadership behaviour is used when a manager consults with subordinates and uses their suggestions before making a decision
Participative
An internal analysis, the second step of the strategic management process, helps identify
Opportunities and possibilities.
Which of the following terms would be associated with data NOT with information
Raw
___ Ratios assess how efficiently and effectively the firm is using its assets to generate profits
Profitability
The third and final step in the control process
taking managerial action
___ Refers to the system used to govern a corporation so that the interests of corporate owners are protected
Corporate governance
Control that takes place while an activity is in progress is known as ___ control
concurrent
Involving employees in writing new theft policies is an example of which type of control?
Feedforward
Which common source of information for measuring performance is obtrusive, time-consuming, and most subjective to personal biases
Personal observation
In anticipation of the Christmas rush, the Toys-For-Everyone store hired another 10 sales clerks. This is an example of ___ control
Feedforward
If the company’s market value is greater than all the capital invested in it, the company has a positive ___, indicating that managers have created wealth
Market value added
Canadian Credit Corp. advises telephone customers that their calls may be monitored to help improve the quality of customer service. This monitoring is a form of __ control
Concurrent
Management at Giant department stores uses video equipment to periodically monitor their employee interaction with customers. This is a form of __
Concurrent
Donna asked Jan to provide her with an estimate of how efficiently the firm is using its assets. Jan calculated a(n) ___ ratio called total asset turnover
activity
A manufacturer of pesticides developed a training video to show customers how to handle the potentially dangerous products. They hoped this form of __ control would reduce the risk of injury associated with their products
feedforward
Which of the following is a concurrent control that Statco should consider adopting?
Providing procedures for dealing with violent situations
Direct supervision is the best-known form of __ control
concurrent
___ ratios examine the organization’s use of debt to finance its assets and consider whether its able to meet the interest payments on its debt
leverage
___ determines the acceptable parameters of variance between actual performance and the standard
Range of variation
Redesigning control measures is an example of which type of control?
Feedback
Ted also informs Jean and Jael that the term __ in MIS implies order, arrangement, and purpose
System
When data are analyzed and processed they become
Information
According to your test, which of the following will most likely motivate professionals
Working conditions
Jim works four days a week for a total of 40 hours at his current employer. He is very satisfied with the system because it provides him with more freedom to play golf. What type of work arrangement system is being employed at this company
Telecommuting
Which job scheduling option allows employees to work at home while linked to the workplace by computer and other technology
telecommuting
An internal state that makes certain outcomes appear attractive is known as
a need
Juan has a job that pays well, is recognized for his contribution to the organization, and has an active social life. His overpowering drive now is to become all that he is capable of becoming. Juan is focused on which level of Mallow’s hierarchy of needs?
Self-Actualization
The willingness to exert high levels of effort to reach organizational goals, based on the wish to satisfy an individual needs, is called
Motivation
Larry is at which level on the hierarchy of needs
Esteem
The ABC organization has developed a compensation system where employees who deliver exceptional results can earn bonuses and those who deliver average results are compensated at levels consistent with industry averages. This system demonstrates which of your text’s suggestions for motivating employees
Link rewards to performance
Which of the following is the top level in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory?
Self-Actualization
Which expectancy theory linkage explains the degree to which a student desires a good job
Valence
The three variables or relationships that are central to Vroom’s expectancy theory are
Effort performance, performance reward, and attractiveness of reward
In today’s diverse workforce, which factor do managers need to focus on most to maximize innovation
Flexibility
When minjin agreed to work late next month, she was concerned about her
safety
According to maslows hierarchy of needs, when does a need stop motivating
When it is substantially satisfied
Gary is a sales representative for the YWG Corporation Winnipeg office. If the sales reps meet their sales goals for the month, they will be given an all-expense-paid trip to Toronto to see a Blue Jays baseball game. Unfortunately, baseball is not one of Gary’s favourites sports and the Toronto Blue Jays are definitely not his favorite team. According to expectancy theory, Gary’s sales performance might be influenced by low __
Valence
An individual who wants to move to a neighbourhood with a lower crime rate is trying to satisfy which level on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Safety
According to McGreogor, Aaron’s leadership style reflects a(n) perspective
Theory X
Samira is at which level on the hierarchy of needs
Social
The four-drive theory of motivation recognizes that there are four factors that can influence motivation. Which of the following is NOT one of these factors?
Behaviour
Historically. equity theory focused on __ justice, which is the perceived fairness of the amount of rewards among individuals
Distributive
A calculation that shows the difference between the market value of a company and the capital contributed by investors (both bondholders and shareholders). In other words, it is the sum of all capital claims held against the company plus the market value of debt and equity
Market Value Added
Estimation of a firm’s economic profit: the profit earned by the firm less the cost of financing the firm’s capital. The idea is that value is created when the return on the firm’s economic capital employed is greater than the cost of that capital
Economic added value
action that fixes the real cause of the problem
basic corrective
action that is damage control, a quick fix so the problem is contained and can’t get any worse
immediate corrective
Donna was also interested in predicting the company’s ability to meet short-term obligations, which meant that Jan had to calculate a( n ) __________ ratio.
liquidity
Used to determine a company’s ability to pay off its short-terms debts obligations. Generally, the higher the value of the ratio, the larger the margin of safety that the company possesses to cover short-term debts. The ratio between the liquid assets and the liabilities of a bank or other institution
liquidity
Ratio that looks at how much capital comes in the form of debt.
leverage
A ratio used to assess a business’s ability to generate earnings as compared to its expenses and other relevant costs incurred during a specific period of time.
profitability
Organizations that have clearly specified and distinct products and services and considerable competition typically use __________ control.
market
In the __________ approach to control, employee behaviours are regulated by shared values, norms, traditions, rituals, and other aspects of the organization’s culture.
clan
To help establish a dominant culture that is committed to the core values, Jenna suggests they hire individuals who will fit into the culture and strengthen the __________ processes that help new employees learn the organization’s way of doing things.
socialization
Corporate __________ are repetitive sequences of activities that express and reinforce the values that the organization upholds and the goals and people that are most important.
rituals
Which financial control measure adds a market dimension because it measures the stock market’s estimate of the value of a firm’s past and expected capital investment projects?
market value added
Michelle’s restaurant gives customers a questionnaire to rate the quality of their dining experience. The restaurant is using __________ control.
feedback
An increasing body of evidence suggests that strong cultures are associated with ______ organizational performance.
high
What is the main benefit of Six Sigma and ISO 9000/9001
Quality work processes
Variability in service delivery relates most closely to which service quality dimension?
Accuracy
Monitoring quality is associated with which supply chain management element?
Suppliers
Meeting the goal of higher customer satisfaction through restocking shelves during the day is an example of achieving quality through ________.
THE ANSWER IS NOT ORGANIZING
Reducing supply chain risk often involves ________.
THE ANSWER IS NOT fewer supplies
If a project manager had an extra person to apply to an activity, which activity should be chosen to shorten the project?
the answer is not any activity not on the critical path
Flexible employee behaviours most supportive of successful value chain management are ________.
the answer is not organizing social activities
The Kronos software is aimed at improving which supply chain management element?
the answer isn’t inventory
____ is focused on incoming materials and outgoing products
Value chain management
Which of the following is unlikely to be included in a project charter?
Tradeoffs
Which value chain management benefit is Wendy’s hoping to achieve in this scenario?
the answer isn’t improved product development
Steve jobs once said “Flash is the number one reason why Mac’s crash “apples original decision to prohibit flash usage on their devices is related to which service quality dimension
Consistency
a factory outlet store is an example of ________.
the answer is not inventory
Some faculty are against the plan to move offices into functional hubs. They are happy with the way offices have always been allocated. Their resistance is likely most attributed to which obstacle to successful value chain management?
the answer is not cultural attitudes
In evaluating quality, the performance of a product is measured in
How well the product operates
Which element of the supply chain is most involved in the capital project?
the answer isnt production
A management consultant charges rates that are prohibitive for many small businesses and associations. This is a problem with which service quality dimension?
the answer isn’t consistency
Employee privacy concerns are likely to be which type of obstacle to successful value chain management?
the answer isn’t required capabilities
Product availability is influenced the most by ________.
the answer is not suppliers
Blockchain software that reduces waste and improves food safety is an example of which of the six requirements for successful value chain management?
The answer is not organizational processes
What is a mechansitic organization
an organization that is rigid and tightly control. It combines traditional aspect of all six elements or organizational structure high specializaton Rigid departmentalization, clear chain of command, narrow spans of control leading to taller structure, centralization, and high formalization
What is an organic organization
an organization that is highly adaptive and flexible, it has collaboration (both vertical and horizontal), adaptable duties, few rules, informal communication, decentralized decision authority, and wider spans of control leading to flatter organizations. it has loose structure that allows for rapid adjustment to change.
What is the “If contingency variables
- STRATEGY - goals are important to organizational strategies; the structure should faciliate goal achievement, simple strategies lead to simple structure, elaborate strategy leads to complex structure, certain structural designs work best with different organizational strategies, innovation is organic, cost control is mechanistic, 2. SIZE- size affect structure, large organization have more than 2000 employees making it mechanistic, when an organization reaches 2000, size is less influential adding more employees has little impact to structure. 3. TECHNOLOGY- is used by every organization to convert inputs to outputs, 4. ENVIRONMENT- is a constraint on managerial discretion, it has a major effect on organizational structure, a stable environment has a mechanistic structure, a dynamic/ uncertain environment has organic structure, it helps explain why manaers have restructe their organizations to be lean, fast, and flexible.
What is the ontario humans right code?
It was enacted in 1962 and prohibits actions that discriminate against people based on a protected ground of age, ancestry, colour, race, ethnic origin, place of origin, creed, disability, family status, marital status, gender identity, receipt of public assistane, record of offences, sex, and sexual orientaiton.
Contemporary views on leadership
The common theme is leaders who interact with, inspire and support followers. Leader-member exchange theory says leaders create in groups and out-groups and those in group will have higher performance ratings, less turnover, and greater job satisfaction. TRANSACTIONAL LEADER- guide and motivate their followers in the direction of established goals by clarifying role and task requirments. TRANSOFRMATIONAL LEADER- inspire followers to transcend their own self interests for the good of the organization and who have a profound and extrodinary effect on their followers. CHARISMATIC LEADERS- is an enthusistic, self confident leader whose personality and actions influence people to behave in a certain way. VISIONARY - the ability to create and articulate a realistic, credible, and attractive vision of the future that improves on the present situation.
Current issues in motivation and solutions
Managers face challenges motivating students. recent grads, mother, and ethnic minoroties. Issues relate to absenteeism, turnover, productivity, and profitiability. Solutions consist of reward programs, motivating unique group workers, improving work-life balance, employee reconigition programs,
When to introduce control?
Managers can implement control before, during or after an activity. Feedforward control happens before a problem occurs and focuses on preventing anticipated problems (input). Concurrent control takes place while an activity is in progress and corrects problems as they happen (processes), and feedback control takes place after the activity is done and corrects problems after they occur (output).
Value Chain Management
is externally oriented and focuses on both incoming materials and outgoing products and services, it aims to create the highest value for customers. Elements for success include coordination and collaboration, technology investmeent, organizational process (the way organizational work is done), leadership, Employees/HR , and organizational culture and attitudes.
