Psychology Unit Test 1

Question 1

What is Psychology?

Answer 1

The study of behavior in the mind

Question 2

What study of thought breaks down consciousness into components?

Answer 2

Structuralism

Question 3

What school of thought focuses on how mental activities help us adapt to our environment?

Answer 3

Functionalism

Question 4

Who believed in early childhood experiences and the unconscious mind?

Answer 4

Sigmund Freud

Question 5

Who is the father of behaviorism?

Answer 5

John B. Watson

Question 6

Who said objective analysis of the mind was impossible?

Answer 6

John B. Watson

Question 7

What is humanism?

Answer 7

The belief that there is a potential for good in everyone.

Question 8

Who created the client-centered therapy approach?

Answer 8

Carl Rogers

Question 9

What is deductive reasoning?

Answer 9

Reasoning that starts with a general hypothesis, then is used to reach specific conclusions.

Question 10

What is inductive reasoning?

Answer 10

Specific conclusions that lead to a general hypothesis.

Question 11

What’s the highest honor to be received in science besides a law?

Answer 11

A theory. (A GAME Theory)

Question 12

What is a theory?

Answer 12

A well developed set of ideas that propose an explanation for a phenomenon.

Question 13

What kind of observation results in the most genuine behavior out of participants?

Answer 13

Naturalistic observation

Question 14

What is a con of longitudinal studies?

Answer 14

People dropping out over time (attrition)

Question 15

Attrition

Answer 15

Reduction of research participants over time

Question 16

Random sample vs random assignment

Answer 16

Random sample- everyone has an equal chance of being selected to participate

Random assignment- everyone selected has an equal chance of being in a control group vs an experimental group

Question 17

Independent variable

Answer 17

The variable being changed / manipulated

Question 18

Dependent variable

Answer 18

What you’re testing (variable changes depend on how independent variable is changed)

Question 19

What are the two basic building blocks of the nervous system?

Answer 19

Neurons and Glial cells

Question 20

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 20

Responds to perceived threats (fight or flight response)

Question 21

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 21

Calms down after perceived threat is gone. (Rest and digest)

Question 22

Agonist

Answer 22

Drug that mimics / promotes neurotransmitters

Question 23

Antagonist

Answer 23

Blocks or impedes normal neurotransmitter activity

Question 24

What is Broca’s area and where is it located?

Answer 24

Located in frontal lobe

Focuses on speech production

Question 25

What is Wernick’s area and where is it located?

Answer 25

Located in temporal lobe

Focuses on speech comprehension

Question 26

What part of the brain connects the two hemispheres together?

Answer 26

Corpus callosum

Question 27

What three things happen during REM sleep?

Answer 27

Paralysis of voluntary moments

Dreams

Brain waves are similar to being awake

Question 28

What does a depressant do?

Answer 28

Suppresses central nervous system activity

Question 29

What does a stimulant do?

Answer 29

Increases overall levels of neural activity

Question 30

Hallucinogens

Answer 30

Causes changes in perceptual and sensory experiences

Question 31

What are caffeine and nicotine considered?

Answer 31

Stimulants

Question 32

What is a case study and what is a con of a case study?

Answer 32

Focuses on one or few people, which does not allow for a generalization of the population

Question 33

Positive correlation

Answer 33

Variable are moving in the same direction

Question 34

Negative correlation

Answer 34

Variables move in different directions (One goes down, one goes up)