psychological explanations

Question 1

what is family dysfunction

Answer 1

maladaptive or dysfunctional family relationships cause stress and may influence the development of schizophrenia

Question 2

what did Reichmann (1948) study

Answer 2

schizophrenogenic mothers

mothers who are cold, rejecting and controlling

Question 3

what are aspects of family dysfunction

Answer 3

schizophrenogenic mothers

double bind

expressed emotion

Question 4

what did Bateson et al (1972) study

Answer 4

double bind

parents give one instruction verbally, but their body language and behaviour gives the opposite message

when the child gets it wrong they are punished by withdrawal of love

leads to confusion, disorganised thinking and delusions

Question 5

what is expressed emotion

Answer 5

negative characteristic

includes verbal criticism, hostility, emotional over-involvement

high expressed emotion has been linked to schizophrenic relapses

Question 6

what did Tienari et al (2004) study

Answer 6

found adoptees of schizophrenic mothers. 5.8% got schiz when adopted by healthy families, compared to 36.8% for those adopted by dysfunctional families

Question 7

what did Kavanagh (1992) study

Answer 7

reviewed 26 studies of expressed emotion

mean relapse rate was 48% for high expressed emotion, and 21% for low expressed emotion families

Question 8

what did Butzlaff and Hooley (1992) study

Answer 8

meta analysis of 26 studies and found relapse rates was twice as high for those returning to high expressed emotion families

Question 9

what are weaknesses of the family dysfunction theory

Answer 9

may be problematic

can’t establish cause and effect

not all in high expressed emotion families develop schizophrenia

Question 10

what is a strength of the family dysfunction theory

Answer 10

can help in lowering relapse rates