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PSA Flashcards

1
Q

Cut off for metformin use for eGFR and creatinine

A

eGFR <30 and a creatinine of >150 μmol/L

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2
Q

when should methotrexate not be started

A

owing to the risk of liver cirrhosis, treatment with methotrexate should not be started if liver function tests are abnormal.

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3
Q

how many drops in 1 ml

A

20

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4
Q

what is important to check and record before commencing olanzapine?

A

fasting blood glucose, as antipsychotics can cause diabetes

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5
Q

amiodarone - what to check before and during rx

A

CXR before needed
Thyroid function tests should be performed before treatment and then every 6 months.
Liver function tests required before treatment and then every 6 months.
Serum potassium concentration should be measured before treatment.

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6
Q

blood test for sodium valproate

A

LFTs

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7
Q

Clozapine monitoring

A

FULL BLOOD COUNT MUST BE CHECKED WEEKLY FOR THE FIRST 18 WEEKS

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8
Q

1st thing to do in anaphylaxis

A

secure airway

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9
Q

for drug errors, check what

A

dose - amount and units, route, frequency

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10
Q

Each tablet of co-codamol contains how much paracetamol

A

500mg

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11
Q

drowsiness/resp depression - stop what?

A

Co-codamol, codeine, diazepam

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12
Q

do you stop thiazides before surgery

A

yes

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13
Q

anuria means what and so what should be stopped

A

renal failure, so stop nsaids

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14
Q

Lithium excretion is signifcantly reduced by

A

ACE-inhibitors

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15
Q

Lithium excretion is signifcantly reduced by

A

ACE-inhibitors, diuretics, NSAIDs

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16
Q

max rate that potassium should be given

A

should never be given at more than 10mmol/hour

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17
Q

worst pill to miss on cocp

A

the first one

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18
Q

if IV paracetamol given whats the limit

A

4g or 3g if <50kg

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19
Q

how to get inr management on bnf

A

type oral anticoagulants

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20
Q

Communicating information - how to look in bnf

A

patient and carer advice section

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21
Q

carbamazepine - electrolyte disturbance

A

hyponatremia

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22
Q

for adrenaline 1 in 1000 and 1 in 10000 means ?

A

for adrenaline 1 in 1000 means 1 mg/ml, 1 in 10000 means 1mg/10ml

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23
Q

how to increase phenytoin dose

A

should increase the dose by the minimum increment possible

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24
Q

if change in electrolyte, but patient is well and no drugs given, what to do

A

repeat biochemistry tests

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25
Q

codeine causes

A

constipation

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26
Q

what is tens

A

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for back pain if nothing else is safe

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27
Q

steroid prescription when ill?

A

During episodes of sepsis,

steroid prescriptions are doubled to meet physiological demand

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28
Q

can you stay on methotrexate during sepsis

A

no

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29
Q

rx of HAP

A

pip-taz

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30
Q

in the majority of cases with IV antibiotics one should review after no more than 3 days as most patients will be able to step down to oral antibiotics

A

know this

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31
Q

when to give pain meds in prn vs regular

A

prn when you’re not in constant pain and it comes and goes

regular when constant

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32
Q

if mild allergic reaction, what do you give

A

no anaphylaxis so no adrenaline or IV hyrdrocort

give oral chlorphenamine

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33
Q

Glucose 50% is not recommended due to the high risk of extravasation injury and because administration is diffcult
due to the high viscosity.

A

use 10 or 20%

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34
Q

what time do you avoid thiazides

A

evening, as then they will want to pee when sleeping

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35
Q

drugs that worsen asthma

A

BB and NSAIDS

36
Q

eg of colloid and when are they used

A

gelofusine

given when low BP

37
Q

1st line rx in T2DM

A

Diet and exercise

38
Q

when is flecainide CI

A

HTN and heart disease

39
Q

INR - when is it considered a major bleed

A

if low BP

40
Q

what to avoid in myasthenia gravis

A

Anti-muscarinics

41
Q

Review dates for oral and IV abx

A 
oral = 5 days
IV = 3 days
42
Q

GAD rx 1st line

A

sertraline

43
Q

DVT rx immeditely

A

Dalteparin - usually 15000 units

44
Q

what time are benzos given

A

at night

45
Q

how to check theophyline toxicity

A

serum theophylline levels

46
Q

oedema rx

A

furosemide IV

47
Q

when not to give nitro and egfr cut off

A

45

48
Q

Dalteparin prophylaxis dose

A

5000 units daily at 10000 units/ml

49
Q

Heparins SE

A

hyperkalaemia

50
Q

Tacrollimus SE

A

hyperkalaemia

51
Q

when to give vit K before surgery

A

INR >1.5

52
Q

ACEi monitoring

A

exercise tolerance

53
Q

Cut off to increase statin dose

A

less than 40% decrease in HDL

54
Q

how much to raise insulin

A

10%

better to increase those than add new prescription

55
Q

taking topiramate - change contraception if ?

A

taking progesterone only pill- desogestrel

56
Q

glucose maintenance - answer?

A

glucose 5%/potassium chloride 0.3% solution (has 40 mmol)

57
Q

if patch drug, what do you write in dose

A

1 patch

58
Q

ishcaemic ulcers - what drug CI

A

beta blockers

59
Q

HF - avoid what drug

A

CCB

60
Q

unconscious and at hosp cos of hypogly - rx?

A

15g glucose IV 20% solution

61
Q

statin - increase CK - what do you do

A

stop it and wait till CK normalises –> start statin at lower dose

62
Q

statin and glucose hx - 1st ix to monitor

A

hba1c

63
Q

acute bleed - do you stop aspirin

A

no, as platelets last for 10 days

64
Q

loose stools - drug causes

A

steroids

PPI

65
Q

bradycardia - drug causes

A

digoxin

beta blockers

66
Q

candida and preg - rx

A

clotrimazole pessary 7 days

67
Q

C.diff rx - 1st and 2nd time

A

metronidazole

vancomycin if 2nd time

68
Q

old and post herpetic neuralgia

A

paracetamol

69
Q

loperamide - when to take

A

after each loose stool

70
Q

antidepressants - what to say to patients

A

takes 6 weeks to get benefits

71
Q

how to monitor apixaban

A

tell pts to report bleeding

72
Q

In an adverse drug reaction - do you increase/decrease/stop the drug

A

stop the drug

73
Q

if asthma attack and on inhaled saba. what do you do

A

nebs saba

74
Q

statin 1ry and 2ry prev dose

A

20mg and 80mg

75
Q

dvt rx

A

apixaban or rivaroxaban

76
Q

anaemia - stop what drug

A

aspirin

77
Q

statin given - LFT rises - whats the cut off and what do you do

A

more than 3x upper limit = stop

less than 3x upper limit = continue

78
Q

if taking paracetamol and cocodamol and its para xs - which to stop

A

para, cos better to keep stronger painkiller

79
Q

if nsaid is topical - does it affect asthma

A

no

80
Q

short course of pred - SE

A

candia - as not long enough to cause weight gain or osteoporosis

81
Q

cancer is a provoking factor for anticoagulation

A

6 months

82
Q 
Drugs to stop in AKI
ACE-i, ARBs
NSAIDs
Metformin
Diuretics (consider continuing in fluid overload)
Contrast
A 
Drugs that require dose adjustment in renal failure
Lithium
Aminoglycosides (e.g. gentamicin)
Cephalosporins
Heparin (e.g. enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis) 
Digoxin
Opiates
Sulphonylureas
83
Q

Prescribing in pregnancy

A 
AVOID:
ACE-i
Warfarin
Ciprofloxacin
Nitrofurantoin (3rd trimester); Trimethoprim (1st trimester)
Tetracyclines; Gentamicin
NSAIDs
Lithium 
Sodium valproate; Carbamezepine
Methotrexate
Topiramate
Paroxetine
ACCEPTABLE:
Labetalol
LMWH
Paracetamol
Sulfasalazine
Fluoxetine
Corticosteroids 
Metoclopramide
84
Q

for palliative pain relief do you try to use same or different drugs for regular and breakthrough pain management

A

same

85
Q

what anaemia needed for 2ww colorectal referral

A

iron deficiency

86
Q

ethambutol SE

A

gout

87
Q

hyponatremia caused by

A

diuretics

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