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American Government > PS 1113 Exam 3 > Flashcards

PS 1113 Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

The Constitution states that the required minimum age for the presidency is which of the following?

A

35

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2
Q

The Seventeenth Amendment allowed which of the following positions to be elected by the people?

A

Senators

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3
Q

Most American law is based on which of the following?

A

English common law tradition

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4
Q

Policies that support greater equality, often by granting racial or gender preferences in hiring, education, or contracting, are known as which of the following?

A

Affirmative action

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5
Q

The division of Congress into two separate bodies is known as which of the following?

A

Bicameralism

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6
Q

Because a president in his or her second term cannot seek re-election, the president is commonly referred to as which of the following?

A

Lame duck

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7
Q

An important domestic power of Congress includes which of the following?

A

Coining money and using the concept of judicial review

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8
Q

Jurisdiction refers to which of the following?

A

The authority of a court to hear a particular class of cases

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9
Q

Dwight D. Eisenhower instituted a more formal staff structure in the White House, starting with the appointment of Sherman Adams as the first person to hold which of the following positions?

A

Chief of Staff

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10
Q

In the Senate, how many votes are necessary to invoke cloture and end debate on a bill?

A

60

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11
Q

When a president receives a bill, which of the following is true?

A

The president can do nothing, and in ten days, if Congress is still in session the bill becomes law without his or her signature.
The president can do nothing, and if Congress goes out of session, the bill does not become law.
The president can sign it, and it becomes law.
The president can veto it.
All of these are correct.

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12
Q

All taxing and spending bills must originate where?

A

In the House of Representatives

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13
Q

A large, complex organization in which employees have specific job responsibilities and work within a hierarchy of authority is called which of the following?

A

A bureaucracy

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14
Q

The Supreme Court’s power of judicial review was established by which of the following?

A

The Court’s decision in Marbury v. Madison

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15
Q

What is one important reason for the growth of the federal bureaucracy over time?

A

The expansion of U.S. lands and economy

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16
Q

In which of the Federalist Papers did Alexander Hamilton describe the judiciary as “the least dangerous branch” because it has no power over the sword or the purse?

A

Federalist 78

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17
Q

A federal employee who was hired through a merit-based system to implement federal programs is expected to be neutral in political affiliations. What would this individual be considered?

A

A career civil servant

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18
Q

Which German sociologist described bureaucracies as highly rational organizations with detailed technical rules based on logical reasoning that enabled large numbers of people to get difficult jobs done efficiently?

A

Max Weber

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19
Q

Which of the following people, a Revolutionary War hero who the Framers had in mind for the office of the presidency, helped shape the idea of what a president should be?

A

George Washington

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20
Q

Putting specific policies into operation is known as which of the following?

A

Implementation

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21
Q

If Congress passes a spending bill that provides $2 million to the Department of Transportation, it is an example of which of the following?

A

Appropiation

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22
Q

The people whom a legislator represents and spends considerable time and effort serving are known as which of the following?

A

Constitutents

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23
Q

When the president is a Republican and the Senate is also controlled by Republicans, but the House of Representatives is controlled by Democrats, it demonstrates which of the following ideas?

A

Divided Government

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24
Q

Presidents have been able to expand the power of the executive branch through which of the following provisions of the Constitution?

A

The “Take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed” provision

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25
Q

An employee of a government unit, who is quite knowledgeable within their narrow area, and works on specific responsibilities and within a hierarchy of authority is known as which of the following?

A

Bureaucrat

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26
Q

If a judge rules a certain way on a case because prior cases of similar nature were subject to the same rule, that judge could be said to be relying on which of the following?

A

Precedent

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27
Q

Overall, the Supreme Court only hears about what percentage of certiorari petitions, leaving the lower court decision as final in all other cases?

A

1%

28
Q

National power, including the right to establish a national bank, and denying states the power to tax the national government, was expanded in which of the following cases?

A

McCulloch v. Maryland

29
Q

Compared with the decision in a Supreme Court case, the opinion is more significant because it ____________________

A

informs others of the Court’s interpretation of the laws and thereby guides their decisions.

30
Q

Which of the following is used to instruct federal employees to take a specific action or implement a policy in a particular way?

A

Executive Order

31
Q

The purpose of a conference committee is to do which of the following?

A

Reconcile House and Senate versions of a bill

32
Q

The Framers listed the powers of the legislature in the Constitution because they were afraid that the legislative branch would do which of the following?

A

Stop being responsive to the people

33
Q

The president’s power to recognize or not recognize a foreign government is what type of recognition?

A

Diplomatic

34
Q

Most members of the cabinet, who head departments and act as chief advisers to the president on the issues under their jurisdiction, have which of the following titles or positions?

A

Secretary

35
Q

Intermediate federal courts that are above the district courts but below the Supreme Court are known as which of the following?

A

Courts of Appeal

36
Q

If it were necessary to create a new cabinet-level department today, which of the following has the authority to do that?

A

The president

37
Q

The president has the power to appoint all of the following positions with the exception of which of the following?

A

Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives

38
Q

________ is/are most likely to understand trade issues in the United States.

A

Career bureaucrats in the Department of Commerce and the Federal Trade Commission

39
Q

To whom does the Constitution give the power to declare war?

A

Congresss

40
Q

What legislation created the civil service system and placed limits on the spoils system?

A

Civil Service Reform Act of 1978

41
Q

In many cases, a third party to a court case will file which of the following to support a particular outcome?

A

An amicus curiae brief

42
Q

The founders of the American republic believed that most of the power that would be exercised by a national government should be in the hands of which of the following?

A

The legislature

43
Q

Who brings charges in the impeachment process, and where is the impeachment trial held?

A

The House of Representatives; the Senate

44
Q

When the government sets limits on ingredients found in prescription medications or on factory emissions, this would be an example of which of the following?

A

Regulation

45
Q

A lawsuit filed by one person on behalf of that person and all similarly situated individuals is known as which of the following kinds of suit?

A

Class action

46
Q

The opinion of a court laying out the official position of the court in the case is known as which of the following?

A

Majority opinion

47
Q

Imagine that you are a pharmacist with extensive experience dealing with the prescription and over-prescription of opioids and have worked with many individuals dealing with addiction. You are hired by a federal agency that is charged with addressing the opioid crisis. In what way is your hiring most consistent with the core components of the bureaucracy?

A

You have expertise.

48
Q

The presidency was created by Article ________ of the U.S. Constitution.

A

II

49
Q

Oversight is the process by which Congress does which of the following?

A

Follows up on the laws that it has enacted

50
Q

A whistleblower is a person who does which of the following?

A

Brings to public attention gross governmental inefficiency or illegal action

51
Q

The overwhelming majority of federal cases are resolved in which of the following courts?

A

District courts

52
Q

The federal bureaucracy today is____

A

less responsive to public demands.

53
Q

President Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909) said that because presidents can use the office to make a public argument for or against a policy, they have which of the following?

A

A bully pulpit

54
Q

Congressional oversight is most likely to occur when it involves ________

A

senatorial activities of questionable nature.

55
Q

Which of the following statements regarding state courts is true?

A

They make decisions on state law, as long as these laws don’t conflict with the U.S. Constitution.

56
Q

Consider a situation in which Congress is not pleased with the direction taken by a federal agency. How can Congress punish or otherwise exert control over that agency?

A

By cutting its budget

57
Q

A government department has decided to make use of privatization, which means it plans to do which of the following?

A

Replace government services with services provided by private firms

58
Q

Which of the following is the committee in the House that proposes time limitations on debate for bills?

A

Rules Committee

59
Q

The idea that judges would not be removed from office due to partisan disagreements is a crucial component of which of the following?

A

Judicial independence

60
Q

Which of the following is true of the Executive Office of the President?

A

It is an advisory group made up of the heads of the fifteen major government departments.

61
Q

Which of the following statements regarding federal judges is true?

A

They are appointed for life.

62
Q

How can Congress pass a bill over a presidential veto?

A

Two-thirds vote in each house

63
Q

A doctrine holding that the courts defer to the decisions of elected officials is called which of the following?

A

Judicial restraint

64
Q

A president can issue a pardon in which of the following circumstances?

A

For all offenses against the United States, any state, or any locality

65
Q

A temporary law that Congress passes when an appropriations bill has not been decided by the beginning of the fiscal year is which of the following?

A

A continuing resolution

American Government (2 decks)

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