proteins Flashcards
what are proteins made of
amino acids
how many amino acids do we need and how do we get all of them
20we eat nine of them daily and from those 9 we can make the other 11
what is a ZWITTERION
no overall charge but separate parts which are + and - acids donate protons and bases accept them
what is a dipeptide
to proteins which form a peptide bond between the nitrogen and carbon atoms and H2O is formed in the process
what is the primary sequence in proteins
sequence of amino acids in a protein
what is the secondary structure in proteins
hydrogen bonds between amine and carboxylic acids to form an alpha helix or beta pleated sheets dependant on the stregth of the bond
what is the tertiary structure of proteins
bonds between the R groups in polypeptides
what bonds do sulphur containing R groups form and give examples
disulphide bridges between cysteine and methionine
positive and negative charged R groups from……
ionic bonds
where are hydrophobic R groups and how do they interact
in centre of protein and have hydrophobic interactions
wat bonds do R groups form with other R groups OR water molecules
hydrogen bonds
what is the quaternary structure of proteins
some proteins consist of more than one polypeptide held in a 3D structure
what are the chains in quaternary structures held by
the same bonds as tertiary structures
what are groups do quaternary structures involve
non amino acid groups called prosthetic groups
give examples of prosthetic groups
metal ions, sugar vitamins and methyl groups
