Prokaryotic Gene Structure Flashcards
intro & central dogma
what four key core components do all cells share?
plasma membrane, cytoplasm, dna, ribosomes
what is sporulation ?
a process wherein some bacteria can form endospores which are metabolically dormant
what is the reading frame?
organisation of a gene sequence - gives rise to single protein product
what are overlapping genes?
what certain viruses have that result in more than one protein product produced from same DNA sequence
do bacteria & viruses have introns?
no
which parts of the sequence makes up untranslated regions? (5)
UTRs
- the promoter
- operator,
- leader,
- trailer &
- terminator
POLTT
“captain poltt, reporting for duty o7”
what is the coding strand?
the reading frame (between the beginning & end of gene)
in what direction is the template strand read?
3’ to 5’
in what direction is rna synthesised ?
5’ to 3’
what is the promoter’s function?
the recognition/binding site for rna polymerase
what is the operator and where is it found? (2)
- a sequence recognised by DNA binding regulatory proteins specific for that sequence,
- may lie at various positions relative to promoter (upstream or downstream of promoter)
are the leader sequence and trailer transcribed and translated?
transcribed but not translated
what is the shine-dalgarno sequence? (4)
and where is it found and what is it important for
(ribosome binding site)
important for initiation of translation & is purine rich (AG), found on rna
which UTRs are not transcribed ?
terminator, promoter
what is an operon?
functioning unit of contiguous genomic DNA containing a cluster of genes or transcriptional units under same regulatory control
