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HDM - Midterm > Primer To Immunology - Bowden > Flashcards

Primer To Immunology - Bowden Flashcards

1
Q

What cells make up the innate immunity?

A

Mast Cells (Both)

Phagocytes

Dendritic Cells (Both)

NK cells

Complement

Basophils (both)

Neutrophils

Eosinophils

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2
Q

Active and passive immunizations are making changes to what part of the immune system?

A

The adaptive immune system

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3
Q

What is an example of passive immunity? Does passive immunity have specificity/memory?

A

Injection of antibodies

  • specificity, but no memory
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4
Q

What’s an example of active immunity? Does it have specificity and memory?

A

Infection or Ag introduction via vaccine

Has both specificity and memory

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5
Q

What lineage do the cells of our innate immune originate from?

A

Myeloid lineage

CFU-HM –> monocytes & neutrophils

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6
Q

What is the major cytokine stimulating production of eosinophils?

A

IL-5

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7
Q

What is the major cytokine stimulating production of Basophils? What cytokine produces its precursor?

A

Main cytokine –> IL-4

Basophilic Myeloblast precursor –> IL-3

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8
Q

Besides Mast cells what cell plays a major role in atopic or allergic response?

A

Eosinophils - they sustain the allergic response

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9
Q

What is the major granule within Mast Cells and Basophils?

A

Mast Cells –> Histamine

Basophils –> Heparin > histamine

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10
Q

What cytokines are produced by Mast Cells?

A

IL-1 (hematopoiesis)
IL-5 (activates eosinophils)
IL-3, 4, 6, 8

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11
Q

What is the CD marker for Mast Cells?

A

CD23

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12
Q

What cytokines activate Natural Killer cells?

A

IL-12 (from macrophages)

IL-15

type I IFNs

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13
Q

What is the CD marker for Natural Killer Cells?

A

CD16

CD56

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14
Q

What do Natural Killer cells secrete and what is its function?

A

IFN-γ –> activates macrophages

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15
Q

What is clonal expansion? 29

A

Increasing the number of Ag-specific lymphocytes from naive lymphocytes

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16
Q

What is the humoral immunity?

A

B cells and antibodies

17
Q

What is cell-mediated immunity?

A

T lymphocytes

18
Q

What extracellular component is a major component of our immune system?

A

Commensal bacteria

19
Q

How does the vagina avoid infection?

A

metabolism of glycogen by the bacteria L. Acidophilus lowers the pH to 5

20
Q

What are sites of primary immune sites?

A

bone marrow

Thymus

21
Q

What are secondary immune sites?

A

Spleen

Lymph Nodes

Mucosal immune tissue (MALT & GALT)

22
Q

What’s the difference between basophils and mast cells in terms of circulation?

A

Mast cells are never found in circulation (tissue only)

Basophils are predominantly found in circulation

HDM - Midterm (9 decks)

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