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Oral Histology > Prelims > Flashcards

Prelims Flashcards

1
Q

Boundaries of the
Facially – mucosa
Labially – mucosa of lips
Bucally – mucosa of the cheeks
Orally – alveolar mucosa gingiva facial surfaces of the teeth

A

Boundaries of the Oral Vestibule

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2
Q

Anteriorly / Laterally
 Oral surfaces of the teeth
 Gingiva
 Cranially – mucosa of hard and soft palate
 Caudally – mucosa of the tongue and floor of the mouth
 Posterolaterally – anterior pillar of the fauces and tonsils

A

Boundaries of the Oral Cavity proper

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3
Q

A Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that is the 1st part you see in the oral cavity

A

Lips

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4
Q

Muscle of the lips

A

Orbicularis oris

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5
Q

epithelium of the cheeks

A

Non-keratinized stratified squamous

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6
Q

muscle of the cheeks

A

buccinators muscle

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7
Q

A hard mineralized structure and is use for mastication

A

Teeth

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8
Q

The crown and root is separated by

A

cervical neck

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9
Q

the anatomical crown and root is marked by __ to Apex

A

CEJ

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10
Q

The clinical crown and root is marked by the bottom of ___ to the apex

A

sulcus

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11
Q

hard calcified tissue covering the anatomical crown of the tooth

A

Enamel

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12
Q

hard calcified tissue that makes up the bulk of the tooth

A

Dentin

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13
Q

hard calcified tissue covering the root of the tooth

A

Cementum

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14
Q

unmineralized oral tissue composed of soft connective tissue

A

pulp

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15
Q

found in the space called pulp cavity

A

pulp tissue

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16
Q

Pulp chamber

A

crown

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17
Q

pulp canal

A

root

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18
Q

masticatory mucosa lining the alveolar bone which surrounds the cervical portion of the teeth

A

Gingiva

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19
Q

Epithelium of Gingiva

A

keratinized squamous epithelium

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20
Q

part of jaw that holds the teeth, supports the roots of the teeth and keeps them in place.

A

Alveolar bone

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21
Q

Alveolar bone is also called

A

Alveolar process

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22
Q

hard calcified tissue covering the root of the tooth

A

Cementum

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23
Q

soft connective tissue embedded between the cementum and the inner wall of the alveolar bone socket to help support the teeth

A

Periodontal ligament

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24
Q

Part of the immune system that can stop germs from entering the body through the mouth or the nose

A

tonsils

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25
Q

Contains a lot of white blood cells which are responsible for killing germs

A

tonsils

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26
Q

Facilitates movement of food during mastication and assisting swallowing

A

tongue

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27
Q

A part of the tongue that is velvety texture in appearance

A

Lingual papilla

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28
Q

divides the dorsum of the tongue into symmetrical halves

A

Median Lingual Sulcus

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29
Q

mucous membrane lining the inside of the mouth on the ventral surface

A

Lining mucosa

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30
Q

Epithelium of the lining mucosa

A

non-keratinized stratified squamous

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31
Q

anterior, most numerous, no taste buds, tactile sensation, extension

A

Filiform Papillae

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32
Q

anterior, sweet and salty taste, extension

A

Fungiform Papillae

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33
Q

lateral, w/ depression, sour taste, has a slit

A

Foliate Papillae

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34
Q

least numerous, mushroom, bitter taste (medicine), has crypts (can accumulate food/bacteria that can cause infections)

A

Circumvallate/Vallate Papillae

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35
Q

separates anterior and posterior parts of the tongue

A

Sulcus Terminalis

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36
Q

found in the epithelium, cheek, soft palate, epiglottis, upper surface of the tongue

A

taste buds

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37
Q

synthesis and secretion of pore substances, has taste pores

A

TYPE I – Taste / Dark Cells

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38
Q

type o f taste buds that has an unknown function

A

TYPE II – Supporting / Light Sustentacular Cells

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39
Q

responsible for perception of taste

A

TYPE III – Intermediate Cells

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40
Q

A taste bud that is responsible for replacing / replenishing other cells

A

TYPE IV – Basal cells

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41
Q

A Non-keratinized squamous epithelium and horizontally aligned U-shaped situated in the part of the oral cavity that lies beneath the tongue

A

Floor of the Mouth

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42
Q

secures the tongue to the bottom of the mouth

A

Lingual Frenulum

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43
Q

largest Salivary gland that is located just in front of the ears, saliva produced is secreted into the mouth from a duct near the upper second molar

A

Parotid gland

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44
Q

located below the jaw. the saliva produced is secreted into the mouth from under the tongue.

A

Submandibular gland

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45
Q

smallest salivary gland located under the floor of the mouth and below either side of the tongue.

A

sublingual gland

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46
Q

5 Minor salivary glands

A

Labial
Small Buccal
Palatine
Anterior and Posterior Lingual
Glossopalatine

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47
Q

Branch if biology and medicine concerned with the study of embryos and their development.

A

Embryology

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48
Q

an unborn offspring in the process of development

A

embryo

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49
Q

3 stages in Human development

A
  1. Proliferative Period
  2. Embryonic Period
  3. Fetal Period
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50
Q

The sperm undergoes 2 process

A

Capacitation process and acrosomal reaction

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51
Q

Where glycoprotein coat and seminal plasma protein are removed from the spermatozoon head

A

Capacitation process

52
Q

hyaluronidase and trypsin-lie substance are released to penetrate the oocyte barriers

A

Acrosomal reaction

53
Q

During the Fertilization, the Spermatozoon must penetrate:

A
  1. The Corona Radiata
  2. The Zona Pellucida
  3. The Oocyte Cell Membrane
54
Q

As soon as the Spermatozoa has entered the Oocyte:
1. The oocyte finishes the _____

A

2nd meiotic division

55
Q

As soon as the Spermatozoa has entered the Oocyte:

  1. ____ becomes impenetrable
A

Zona pellucida

56
Q

As soon as the Spermatozoa has entered the Oocyte:
3. The ____ separates from the tail

A

Head of the sperm

57
Q

Results of fertilization

A
  1. Restoration of diploid number of chromosome
  2. Determination of chromosomal sex
  3. Initiation of Cleavage
58
Q

Derivatives of ECTODERM

A

Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Sensory epithelium of the ear, nose, and eyes
Epidermis, Hair, Nails
Subcutaneous Glands: Mammary Glands, Pituitary Glands, and Enamel of Teeth

59
Q

Derivatives of ENDODERM

A

Gastro Intestinal Tract
Epithelial Lining of the Respiratory Tract
Parenchyma of the tonsil, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, liver, and pancreas.
Epithelial lining of the urinary bladder and urethra
Epithelial lining of the lymphatic cavity and Eustachian tube

60
Q

Derivatives of MESODERM

A

Muscle, Cartilage, Bone, and Subcutaneous tissue of the skin
Vascular System
Urogenital system except bladder
Spleen, Suprarenal Gland

61
Q

This process forms the forehead

A

Frontal process

62
Q

Forms the median nasal septum, bridge of nose and tip of the nose

A

Median Nasal Process

63
Q

This process forms the infraorbital, sides and alae of the nose

A

Lateral Nasal process

64
Q

this process forms the philtrum of upper lip, tubercle or center of upper lip and pre-maxilla

A

Globular process

65
Q

Forms the side of upper lip, upper cheek and associated structure

A

Maxillary process

66
Q

forms the:
Lower lip
Lower cheek area
Mandibular Area
Associated structure

A

Mandibular process

67
Q

Forms the face

A

frontal process and mandibular arch

68
Q

an agent/factor which causes malfunction of an embryo

A

Teratogen

69
Q

part of the face where it all comes together 2-3 months

A

Philtrum

70
Q

1st to develop at the center and occupies the mid-face area

A

tongue

71
Q

A Muscle tissue and is formed by 2 lateral lingual swellings of mandibular arch.

A

Anterior 2/3 of the tongue

72
Q

Formed by 2nd and 3rd brachial arch and capula center of arches

A

Posterior 2/3 of the tongue

73
Q

small-sized mouth

A

MICROSTOMIA

74
Q

large sized mouth

A

Macrostomia

75
Q

Also called cheiloschisis and is a result of a non union of either the margins of the globular and maxillary process for the upper and anterior margins of the mandibular process for the lower

A

Cleft lip

76
Q

A result of a non fusion of the 2 palatine processes and inferior borders of the nasal septum

A

Cleft palate

77
Q

cleft affecting the hard palate

A

Uranoshisis

78
Q

cleft affecting the soft palate

A

Staphyloschisis

79
Q

non union of the maxillary process and mandible

A

facial clefts

80
Q

A defect that causes the tongue tie

A

ANKYLOGLOSSIA

81
Q

Absence of tongue

A

Aglossia

82
Q

X chromosome is missing or partially missing and affects development in females

A

Turner syndrome

83
Q

from alcohol exposure causing brain damage and growth problems

A

fetal alcohol syndrome

84
Q

A genetic disorder causing deformities in the ear, eyes, cheekbones and chin

A

TREACHER COLLINS SYNDROME

85
Q

Sign of congenital syphilis which occurs when a pregnant mother transmits syphilis to her child in utero or at birth causing the Incisors and molars take on a triangular or peglike
appearance

A

Hutchinson’s Incisors

86
Q

Fluid-filled pocket in the front of the neck, just above the voice box.

A

Thyroglossal duct cyst

87
Q

Purplish vein located on the ventral side of the tongue

A

Caviar tongue

88
Q

Abnormally small jaw or retardation in the
development of the upper or lower jaw

A

Micrognathia

89
Q

Abnormally large jaw

A

Macrognathia

90
Q

defects in the lens of the eye caused by the mother’s exposure to german measles during pregnancy

A

Rubella

91
Q

very rare disorder where all the processes fuse
together resulting in no mouth formation

A

Aprosopus

92
Q

origin and development of the teeth

A

Odontogenesis

93
Q

Tooth development starts at ___ week of embryonic life

A

6-6 ½

94
Q

the tooth development is initiated by the development of what cells

A

ectodermal and ectomesenchyme

95
Q

what develops at week 3-4

A

head, neck, and face

96
Q

What week will the tongue develop

A

4th week

97
Q

3 Primordia of All Organs

A

ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm

98
Q

___ week, primitive streak (most conspicuous structure) will appear and will cause the formation of the depression at
the center of the ectodermal germ layer to form the neural groove.

A

3rd

99
Q

future notochord

A

neural tube

100
Q

will meet at the center resulting to the neural
tube

A

neural folds

101
Q

will have in folding on either side of the
depression to form the neural folds

A

neural groove

102
Q

Remnants of the formation, the ectodermal cells will persist and will now be placed at the mesodermal germ layer

A

Neural crest cells

103
Q

neural crest cells will become the _____

A

ectomesenchyme

104
Q

a cavity forms in the morula

A

blastocoel

105
Q

Cavity lined with ectoderm

A

amniotic cavity

106
Q

cavity line with endoderm

A

yolk sac

107
Q

embryoblast cells forms a flat structure called

A

Bilaminar embryonic disc

108
Q

A process where by a spermatozoon undergoes capacitation and an acrosomal reaction to fuse with an oocyte to produce a diploid nucleas or zygote

A

fertilization

109
Q

the primodia of all major external and internal structure are established during ___ period

A

embryonic

110
Q

the shape of the embryo changes into a distinctly human appearance during what week

A

8th

111
Q

embryonic period weeks

A

3rd to 8th weeks

112
Q

Differentiation of the 3 germ layers
from which all tissues and organs
develop

A

Gastrulation

113
Q

the appearance of the primary streak, formation of notochord, gastrulation and beginning of morphogenesis happens during the ___ week of the ___ period

A

3rd week of the embryonic period

114
Q

Results from the
migration of epiblastic
cells to the median plane
of the embryonic disc

A

primitive streak

115
Q

As the primitive streak elongates by
addition of cells to its
caudal end, its cranial
end proliferates to form the

A

primitive node

116
Q

Localized thickening of the epiblast at
the caudal end of the embryonic disc

A

primitive streak

117
Q

Invagination of the
epiblastic cells form the
primitive streak give to
mesenchymal cells

A

formation of the mesoderm

118
Q

____ form produced by the primitive
streak organize into the
third germ layer, the
intraembryonic mesoderm

A

mesenchymal cells

119
Q

A process whereby the bilaminar embryonic disc undergoes reorganization to form a trilaminar disc

A

gastrulation

120
Q

Arising from the primitive node,
mesenchymal cells form the ______ , which extends
cranially

A

notochordal process

121
Q

Primitive pit extends into the
notochordal process forms the

A

notochordal canal

122
Q

Notochordal process extends
from the primitive node to the

A

prechordal plate

123
Q

Openings develop in the floor of the notochordal canal & soon coalesce, leaving a

A

notochordal plate

124
Q

Infolding of the notochordal plate forms the notochord

A

primtive gut

125
Q

Major event that begins at the end
of the third week

A

neurulation

126
Q

formation of the neural plate and neural tube

A

neurulation

Oral Histology (3 decks)

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