PRELIM LAB: MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY

Question 1

PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)

Answer 1

1. Body suit
2. Eye glass
3. Face mask
4. Hand gloves
5. Shoes cover

Question 2

A shallow cylindrical, round glass that is used in laboratories to culture different microorganisms and cells

Answer 2

PETRI DISH

Question 3

Are slender containers that hold and mix or store materials that are used in scientific experiments and research

Answer 3

TEST TUBES

Question 4

Apparatus used in laboratory to hold and transport test tubes during experiments or while examining cultures

Answer 4

TEST TUBE RACK

Question 5

Is a thin, flat, rectangular piece of glass that is used as a platform for microscopic specimen
observation

Answer 5

GLASS SLIDES

Question 5

Consist of a handle with a terminal loop or needle which is designed to pick up and transfer a small quantity of inoculum (typically 1-10 uL) from a donor culture to the growth medium of choice

Answer 5

INOCULATING LOOP AND NEEDLE

Question 6

Are useful as reaction container
or to hold liquid or solid samples

Answer 6

BEAKER

Question 6

A piece of laboratory equipment used to mix chemicals and liquids for laboratory purposes

Answer 6

GLASS ROD

Question 6

Are used to contain liquids and for mixing, heating, cooling, incubation, filtration, storage, and other liquid-handling processes

Answer 6

ERLENMEYER FLASK

Question 7

Is a squeeze bottle with a nozzle, used to rinse various pieces of laboratory glassware, such as
test tubes and round bottom flasks

Answer 7

WASH BOTTLE

Question 7

o Used to measure the volume of a
liquid
o Considered more accurate and precise for measurement purposes than flasks and beakers but should not be used for
volumetric analysis

Answer 7

GRADUATED CYLINDER

Question 8

o Also known as droppers
o Used with a bulb for transfer of small volume of liquids

Answer 8

PASTEUR PIPETTE

Question 9

Hold multiple microscopic slides simultaneously for the most efficient staining processing

Answer 9

STAINING RACK

Question 10

Are generally used for biological sample collection to avoid sample contamination, and for medical use to avoid infection

Answer 10

STERILE COTTON SWAB

Question 11

Used for transferring specimen;
stirring blood and other substances

Answer 11

APPLICATOR STICK

Question 12

Is a primary engineering control used to protect personnel against biohazards or infectious agents and to help maintain quality
control of the material being worked with as it filters both inflow and exhaust air

Answer 12

BIOLOGICAL SAFETY CABINET

Question 13

Is used not only to sterilize liquid substances such as prepared media and saline (diluents)
solutions, but also sterilize glassware’s, when required

Answer 13

AUTOCLAVE

Question 14

Maintains a constant temperature specifically suitable for the growth of a specific microbe

Answer 14

MICROBIOLOGICAL INCUBATOR

Question 15

Serves as a repository for thermos labile chemicals, solutions, antibiotics, serums and
biochemical reagents at cooler temperatures and even at subzero temperatures (at less
than 0°C)

Answer 15

FRIDGE (REFRIGERATOR)

Question 16

Are used to measure the weight of an item

Answer 16

WEIGHING SCALE

Question 17

```

Is used to heat chemicals and
reagents

Answer 17

HOTPLATE

Question 18

Is used to dissolve such substances easily and quickly

Answer 18

MAGNETIC STIRRER

Question 19

o Relatively safe way to heat flammable organic liquids
o Designed to heat beakers, Erlenmeyer flasks, and round-bottomed flasks, and have series of concentric rings that can be removed to adjust to the size of the flask

Answer 19

WATER STEAM BATH

Question 20

Are used for visual observation of morphology, motility, staining and fluorescent reactions of bacteria

Answer 20

MICROSCOPE

Question 21

Is a gas-fueled single open flame and is commonly used for processes like sterilization and heating

Answer 21

ALCOHOL LAMP

Question 22

An instrument used for automatic computer-assisted identification of bacteria

Answer 22

AUTOMATED BACTERIA
IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM

Question 23

PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT IN THE MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY

Answer 23

1. QUALITY CONTROL
2. QUALITY ASSURANCE

Question 24

Measures designed to ensure the medical reliability of laboratory data

Answer 24

QUALITY CONTROL

Question 25

Involves taking measures to ensure high-quality patient care

Answer 25

QUALITY ASSURANCE

Question 26

THREE STAGES OF ACTIVITIES THAT AFFECT
LABORATORY TESTING ACTIVITY OUTCOMES

Answer 26

• PREANALYTIC
• ANALYTIC
• POSTANALYTIC

Question 27

ACTIVITIES:
o Test ordering
o Order transcription
o Specimen collection
o Specimen identification

Answer 27

PREANALYTIC

Question 28

ACTIVITIES:
o Sample testing

Answer 28

ANALYTIC

Question 29

ACTIVITIES:
o Result delivery
o Result review
o Action taken on basis of
result

Answer 29

POSTANALYTIC

Question 30

GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR ESTABLISHING QUALITY CONTROL

Answer 30

-TEMPERATURE
-THERMOMETER CALIBRATION
-EQUIPMENT QUALITY CONTROL
-MEDIA QUALITY CONTROL
-REAGENT QUALITY CONTROL
-ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY QUALITY CONTROL
-PERSONNEL COMPETENCY
-USE OF STOCK CULTURES
-QUALITY CONTROL MANUAL

Question 31

o Daily temperature checks on all
temperature-dependent equipment:
 Incubators
 Refrigerators
 Heating blocks
 Water baths
 Freezers
o Test all thermometers at -20°C, 2
to 8 °C, 37°C, and 56 °C
o Thermometers that differ by 1°C or more from the reference thermometer are discarded

Answer 31

TEMPERATURE

Question 31

o Calibrated by batch on arrival in
the laboratory
o Calibrated once; repeated calibration of the thermometer
should not be necessary
o Certificates should be kept for the
life of the thermometer or until
expiration date
o Nonmercury thermometers are
recommended – mineral spirits with nontoxic, red-dyed alcohol
o Checked daily for gas bubbles
– if there is any, eliminate it by
centrifuge or by placing the
thermometer at a high or low temperature

Answer 31

THERMOMETER CALIBRATION

Question 32

REFER TO TABLE

Answer 32

EQUIPMENT QUALITY CONTROL

Question 32

o To document sterility and
performance
o Records maintained for 2 years
o Observed on media not quality controlled by the laboratory:
 Moisture
 Sterility
 Breakage
 Appearance
o Basic rules for a media prepared
in house (in the laboratory) or because it is complex:
 Must be tested with organisms expected to grow or give a positive
reaction as well as with organisms expected not to grow or to produce a negative reaction
 Tested for sterility and pH
 Organisms selected for QC should represent the most fastidious organisms for which the medium was designed
 Testing techniques
 Primary plating media: tested with dilute

Answer 32

MEDIA QUALITY CONTROL

Question 33

o Tested on each day of use with
both positive and negative controls
o Always examine the manufacturer’s package insert for recommended QC requirements
o Staining procedures: at least
daily
 Gram-positive bacteria
(Staphylococcus areus ATCC25923)
 Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC25922)

Answer 33

REAGENT QUALITY CONTROL

Question 33

o Ability of an individual to perform a task accurately and effectively
o Proficiency testing
 Popular technique used to determine competency
 Carefully designed samples are given to lab scientist as unknowns
for the purpose of identifying them
 Conducted twice a year

Answer 33

PERSONNEL COMPETENCY

Question 34

o Conducted daily until precision can be demonstrated with 20 or 30 consecutive days
o 20 or 30-day evaluation has been
accomplished = may be tested weekly instead of daily
o Results should be kept as long as the antimicrobial agent is used or for at least 2 years after discontinuation of use of the agent

Answer 34

ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY
QUALITY CONTROL

Question 35

Use of Bacterial Storage Beads
 Contain 1 mL of thioglycolate broth
 Stored at -70°C

Answer 35

USE OF STOCK CULTURES

Question 36

o All rules and procedures for QC should be available to employees at the workstation in written form in a QC manual
o Must be reviewed, signed at least anually, and revised as needed by a supervisor

Answer 36

QUALITY CONTROL MANUAL