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PRELIM Flashcards

1
Q

Condition of being sound in body, mind or
spirit; freedom from physical disease or
pain.

A

HEALTH

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2
Q

It refers to the ability of a person to func-
tion effectively,physically, socially, psyc-
hologically and spiritually.

A

HEALTH

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3
Q

The _____ good health is a state of
complete physical, social and mental well-
being and not merely the absence of dis-
ease or infirmity.

A

HEALTH
WHO (1946)

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4
Q

A resource for everyday life, not the object
of living and is appositive concept emphasizing social and personal resource as well
as physical capabilities.

A

HEALTH

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5
Q

A tool or mechanism for health-related
learning resulting in increase in
knowledge, skill development and change
in behavior

A

HEALTH EDUCATION

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6
Q

Dimension of Health

A

BROADER
INDIVIDUAL

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7
Q

In the outer circle which are environmental
and societal dimensions

A

BROADER

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8
Q

the inner circle of individual are:

A

Physical health
Mental health
Emotional health
Social health
Spiritual health
Sexual health
Societal health
Environmental health

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9
Q

the state of one’s body
like its fitness and not being ill.

A

Physical Health

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10
Q

positive sense of purpose
and underlying brief in one’s own worth
(self-esteem) like feeling good and feeling
able to cope.

A

Mental health

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11
Q

ability to express one’s feelings appropriately and to develop and
sustain relationship. Ex:is the feeling of
being loved.

A

Emotional Health

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12
Q

involves the support system that is available from family members
and friends.

A

Social Health

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13
Q

recognition of a supreme being or force and the ability to put
into practice one’s moral principles or beliefs.

A

Spiritual Health

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14
Q

acceptance of the ability
to achieve a satisfactory expression of one’s sexuality.

A

Sexual Health

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15
Q

the link between and the
health and the way a society is structured.
This includes the basic infrastructure necessary for health and the degree of integration or division within the society.

A

Societal Health

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16
Q

the physical environment where people live, it involves
housing, transport, sanitation,pollution
and pure water facilities.

A

Environmental health

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17
Q

Any endeavor directed at enhancing the
quality of health and wellbeing of individuals, families, groups,community, through strategies involving supportive environments, coordination of resources and
respect for personal choice and values.

A

Health Promotion

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18
Q

who introduce what?’(Macdonald & Bunton,
1992) and was not popular until the 1980’s
when the World Health organization
(WHO) began a campaign for global public health.

A

Health promotion
1974 by Canadian Health
Minister LaLonde

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19
Q

Factors in the Ecosystem which Affect the
Optimum Level
of Functioning (OLOF)

A

Political Factors
Behavioral Factors
Hereditary
Health Care Delivery System
Environmental Influences
Factors in the Ecosystem which Affect the
Optimum Level
of Functioning (OLOF)

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20
Q

Power and authority to regulate the environment or social climate.

A

Political Factors

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21
Q

A person’s level of functioning and is affected by certain habits,their lifestyle, health care and child rearing practices which are determined by one’s culture and ethnic
heritage.

A

Behavioral Factors

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22
Q

Understanding of genetically influenced
diseases and genetic risks.

A

Hereditary

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23
Q

Focus of healthcare is in the promotive,
preventive,curative and rehabilitative aspects of care.

A

Health Care Delivery System

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24
Q

Primary health is a partnership approach to
the effective provision of essential health
services that are community based, accessible, acceptable sustainable and affordable.

A

Health Care Deliver System

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25
Q

Menace of pollution, communicable disease due to poor sanitation, poor garbage
collection, smoking, utilization of pesticides, lack or absence of proper and adequate waste and sewerage disposal system
and management,noise, radiation, air and
water pollution are just some of the factors
or situations which exert negative effects
on the environment
Socio-economic influences

A

Environmental influences

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26
Q

families in lower income group are the ones mostly served.

A

socio-economic influences

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27
Q

The teaching function will always be an
integral part of the duties of a professional
nurse. This dates back to the time when Nursing was given recognition as a discipline in the 1800’s and health education
became a unique and independent function
of the nurse. This was regarded as the

A

period of educated nursing

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28
Q

who has earned the
title of “Mother of Modern Nursing, was
the epitome of the true nurse educator as
she advocated the important function of
teaching to promote health and recovery
through a clean,pleasant, and inhabitable environment.

A

Florence Nightingale

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29
Q

Two books

A

“Notes on Nursing” and “Notes on
Hospitals”.

30
Q

Organizations and Agencies Formulating Standards

A

National League of Nursing Education (NLNE)/ National League of Nursing (NLN)

International Council Of Nurses (ICN)

Nurse Practice Arts (NPAs) Of United States

Joint Commission On Accreditation Of Healthcare
Organizations (JCAHO)

Pew Health Professions Commission (1998)

31
Q

what year recognized the importance of health teaching as a responsibility of the nurse for the promotion of health & prevention of illness in different settings like schools, hospitals, industries, and homes

A

1918

32
Q

in what year declared that “a nurse was fundamentally a teacher and an agent of health regardless of the setting in which the practice occurred.”

A

1938

33
Q

on what year specified the course content dealing with teaching skills, developmental & educational psychology and principles of teaching and learning as part of the nursing curriculum of all nursing schools

A

1950

34
Q

Organization that endorsed health education as an essential requisite for the delivery of nursing care

A

International Council of Nurses (ICN)

35
Q

organuzations that universally include teaching within the scope of nursing practice responsibilities. They are expected to assist clients to maintain health, prevent disease, manage illness,
and render supportive care to family members through health teachings/education as means to providing costeffective, safe, and high quality care.

A

Nurse Practice Arts (NPA’s) of United States

36
Q

irganizations that delineated nursing standards or mandates for patient education which are based on
positive outcomes of patient care. The teachings must be patient and family-oriented. (1993)

A

Joint Commission On Accreditation Of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO)

37
Q

Organization that released a follow-up on health professional practice and more than half of the recommendations were as the importance of patient and staff education and the role of nurse as educator.

A

Pew Health Profession Comissions (1998)

38
Q

Five areas of responsibility

A

Planning
Implementation
Evaluation and Research
Resource Person
Advocate

39
Q

7 principles of learning

A

Readines
Exercise
Effect
Primary
Recency
Intensity
Freedom

40
Q

implies a degree of willingness
and eagerness of an individual to learn
something new.

A

Readiness

41
Q

states that those things that are
most often repeated are the ones that are
best remembered

A

exercise

42
Q

that learning is strengthened when accompanied by a pleasant or satisfying
feeling — and that learning is weakened
when associated with an unpleasant feeling.

A

Effect

43
Q

the state of being first, often creates a strong
impression which maybe very difficult to change.

A

Primacy

44
Q

states that things most recently learned are
best remembered.

A

Recency

45
Q

implies that a learner will learn more from the
real thing than from a substitute

A

Intensity

46
Q

states that things freely learned are best learned.
- Conversely, if the audience is forced to learn something,
the more difficult it is for them to learn.

A

Freedom

47
Q

4 Classical Conditioning

A

Unconditioned Stimulus
Unconditioned Response
Conditioned Stimulus
Conditioned Response

48
Q

is one that unconditionally, naturally and automatically triggers a response

A

Unconditional stimulus

49
Q

the unlearned response that
occurs naturally in response to the unconditioned stimulus

A

Unconditioned Response

50
Q

is previously neutral stimulus that after becoming associated with the unconditioned
stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response

A

Conditioned stimulus

51
Q

is the learned response to the
previously neutral stimulus

A

Conditioned Response

52
Q

defined as a relatively permanent change in mental processing, emotional functioning, skill, and/or behavior as a result of experience.
It is the lifelong, dynamic process by which individuals acquire new knowledge or skills and alter their thoughts, feelings, attitudes, and actions

A

LEARNING

53
Q

a coherent framework of integrated constructs and principles that describe, explain, or predict how people learn.
The construction and testing of learning theories over the past century contributed much to the understanding of how individuals acquire knowledge and change their ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving.

A

LEARNING THEORY

54
Q

Focusing on what is directly observable
- Learning is the product of stimulus condition(S) andresponse(R)

A

BEHAVIORIST LEARNING THEORY

55
Q

Example: Respondent conditioning is used to extinguish
chemotherapy patient’s anticipatory nausea and vomiting

A

BEHAVIORIST LEARNING THEORY

56
Q

It was coined by behaviorist B.F. Skinner.
- He believes that internal thought and motivations could not be used to explain.
- He suggested at the external observable causes of human
behavior.
- Skinner used the term _____ to any
“Active behavior
that operates upon the environment”

A

OPERANT CONDITIONING

57
Q

favorable events or outcomes that arepresented after the
behavior.
- A response or behavior is strengthened by theaddition of
something as praise or reward

A

POSITIVE REINFORCES

58
Q

the removal of unfavorable events or outcomes after the
display of a behavior.
- A response is strengthened by the removal of something
considered unpleasant

A

NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT

59
Q

the presentation of an adverse event or outcome that
cause a decrease in the behavior.

A

PUNISHMENT

60
Q

a punishment by application,
involve s the presentation of an unfavorable event or outcome in order to weaken the response

A

POSITIVE PUNISHMENT

61
Q

is punishment by removal, occurs
when a favorable event or outcome is removed after a
behavior occurs.

A

NEGATIVE PUNISHMENT

62
Q

The key to learning and changing is the individual’s cognition (perception, thought, memory, and ways of processing and structuring information) .
- It is highly active process largely directed by the individual
- It involves perceiving the information
- Interpreting it based on what is already known
- Then reorganizing the information into new insights or
understanding

A

COGNITIVE LEARNING THEORY

63
Q

Principles of Social Learning Theory

A

x Attentional phase-
x Retention phase-
x Reproduction phase-
x Motivational phase-

64
Q

a necessary condition for any learning to occur.

A

ATTENTIONAL PHASE

65
Q

involves the storage and retrieval of what was observed.

A

RETENTION PHASE

66
Q

during which the learner copies. the observed
behavior

A

REPRODUCTION PHASE

67
Q

focuses on whether the learner is motivated to
perform a certain type of behavior

A

MOTIVATIONAL PHASE

68
Q
  • A process concerned with designing, implementing and evaluating educational programs that enable families, groups, organization and communities in achieving, protecting and sustaining health
A

HEALTH EDUCATION

69
Q

Measures of ability of complexity of task, environmental effects,
health status and gender

A

PHYSICAL READINESS

70
Q

Anxiety level
Includes support system, motivation, risk
-taking behavior, frame of mind, developmental stage

A

EMOTIONAL READINESS

71
Q

Level of aspiration
Past coping mechanisms, cultural background, locus of control,
orientation

A

EXPERIENTIAL READINESS

72
Q

Present knowledge base
Cognitive ability, learning disabilities, learning styles

A

KNOWLEDGE READINESS

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