Prejudice and Discrimination

Question 1

Prejudice

Answer 1

a preconceived opinion that isn’t based on reason or actual expirence

Question 2

Discrimination

Answer 2

the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of ethnicity, age, sex or disability

Question 3

Socialization

Answer 3

the activity of mixing socially with others

Question 4

Stereotypes

Answer 4

a widely held but fixed and oversimplified imac or ides of a particular type of person or thing

Question 5

In-group

Answer 5

an exclusive, typically, small, group with a shared interest or identity

Question 6

Out-group

Answer 6

those people who do not belong to a specific in-group

Question 7

How does prejudice and discrimination connect to sociology

Answer 7

1. Born with it
2. Psychology
3. Resource conflict
4. Frustration - Aggression
5. In groups and Outgroups

Question 8

A lot of social scientists believed that prejudice was basic part of our biological makeup

Question 9

Evidence indicates that prejudicial attidue are socially learned and we aren’t born with them

Question 10

Resource conflict

Answer 10

This theory argues that the basic source of prejudice and discrimination comes from competition among ethnic groups for scarce resources

Question 11

Frustration - Aggression Hypothesis

Answer 11

-According to this theory, when peoples goals and expectations are blocked, they becomes angry and frustrated and look for a scrapegoat, often turning on members of minority groups
-Scrapegroups take the blame for society ills even though they are not responsible for them

Question 12

Cult

Answer 12

-Often forms around a charismatic leader
-Has distinct and unorthodox beliefs tjay challenge mainstream societal norms
-Engages in exclusive or isolating practice with a strong emphasis on loyalty and control over members

Question 13

Instrumental leadership

Answer 13

organizes a group in pursuit of certain goals. An instrumental leader defines the goals and determines ways to achieve them

Question 14

Expressive leadership

Answer 14

created harmony and solidarity among group members. An expressive leader keeps morals high. He or she is usually liked by others groups members

Question 15

Authoritarian leadership

Answer 15

simply gives orders, it is effective in emergency situations

Question 16

Democratic leadership

Answer 16

attempts to win consensus on goals and on courses of action

Question 17

Characterize of leaders

Answer 17

-Strong sense of achievement
-High energy
-Motivated by the desire to be in charge and exercise authority of others

Question 18

Sociology theories on cults

Answer 18

Social control theory:
-Cults operate outside of societal norms, using mechanisms of control
-Explain how cults enforce strict rules to maintain power over their members, often by using the concept of outsiders to create fear and conformity

Deviance and Labelling theory:
-cults are often labeled as deviant by society
-cult members often see their actions as justified and legitimate

Group dynamics and socialization theory:
- cults use intense socialization techniques to create strong group cohesion
-Having a leader that shows charismatic traits reinforced group dynamics and loyalty