Pre-Chapter 3 Flashcards
What do multicellular organisms do to grow and repair and reproduce?
They undergo cell division
What is the cell cycle?
Where cells reproduce through a continuous sequence of growth and division
What are the two main stages of the cell cycle?
The growth stage and the division stage
What are the two types of cell division?
Mitosis and Meiosis
What is mitosis?
When body cells divide to form two new cells, which are identical to the parent cell
What happens before a cell divides in mitosis?
The chromosomes first replicate themselves (Make copies)
How many chromosomes do human cells have?
46
What is meiosis?
A special type of cell division that only occurs in reproductive cells. (Sperm and egg cells)
What does meiosis produce?
Reproductive cells and gametes
During meiosis, how many times does the nucleus of a gamete divides?
Twice
How many chromosomes does each gamete contain in meiosis?
23
What happens during the process of meiosis?
The chromosomes duplicate
Then they swap some information
Then they split in half
So that each cell has 46 of chromosomes
Then they split in half again, so that each cell has 23 chromosomes
This creates 4 “daughter cells” with 23 chromosomes
How many daughter cells does mitosis create?
2
What type of cells does mitosis occur in?
Somatic “body” cells
What is the purpose of mitosis?
The growth and repair of body cells
Asexual reproduction in some organisms
