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Buddhism > Practices > Flashcards

Practices Flashcards

1
Q

Give four features of a Buddhists temple and why they are important

A

The stupa - symbolises five elements and the stages to enlightenment, it also contains relics of the buddha
The shrine room - The shrine reminds Buddhists of the dharma and where offerings are made. Meditation and mantras take place here
Statues of the buddha / bodhisattvas - reminder of their qualities
Study room - to study the dharma

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2
Q

Give two similarities and two differences between a Mahayana temple and a Theravadan temple

A

Both have shrine room, study room, stupa

  • Mahayana temples have a three Buddha hall and have statues of Bodhisattvas
  • Theravada - Have a Bo tree outside - reminder of enlightenment
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3
Q

What is a Pagoda? What is a Stupa? Why is each important?

A
  • A Pagoda is the top of the temple with squared layers
  • A stupa is a pointed tower on top of the temple
  • Both contain relics
  • Stupa also represents elements and the human body
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4
Q

Give the disadvantages and advantages to having a converted town house as a Buddhist temple?

A

D - may not have a stupa or pagoda on teh outside so it may not seem like a temple and new Buddhists won’t know where it is
D - may not eb a big enough house for both a shrine room and study rooms

A - Not building a new temple supports the second precept of not taking from the
A - Buddhists can easily access it

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5
Q

Give five features of shrine and what they represent

A

Candle - enlightenment
Incense - spreading the word of the Dharma
Water - respect for life
Statue of Buddha - reminds of his qualities
Flowers - Impermanence

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6
Q

What are offered at shrines?

A

Food, flowers, candles, incense

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7
Q

Why is puja important to Buddhsts?

A
  • Reminder of the Dharma because they chant dharmic teachings and shrines remind them of the dharma
  • Reminder of Buddha because he made offerings at shrines and his statues have mudras
  • Brings Sanga together because they all chant and meditate together
  • Helps Buddhists become enlightened because it calms their mind and produces good karma
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8
Q

What is Puja?

A

Offerings at the shrine, mantras, meditation, mudras

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9
Q

Describe Samatha meditation

A
  • Calms the mind
  • Focuses the mind
  • Focuses on one object
  • May focus on brahma viharas (love, compassion, joy and peace)
  • Used before vipassana meditation
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10
Q

Describe metta bhavana meditation

A
  • Loving kindness meditation to help achieve enlightenment and be like the buddha
  • It is said for yourself, someone you love someone you don’t know, someone you don’t like and finally all living beings
  • “may I be free of danger, may I be healthy, may I be happy, may I live with peace and loving kindness”
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11
Q

Describe vipassana meditation

A
  • Insight meditation
  • helps Buddhists see the world as it really is
  • Happens after Samatha meditation
  • Helps Buddhists reflect of personal situations and apply the three marks of existence to them
  • helps develop the brahma viharas
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12
Q

Why is meditation important for Buddhists?

A
  • It reminds them of the dharma
  • It brings the Sanga together
  • It is how Buddha found enlightenment
  • It helps them be like the Buddha and develop into his likeness
  • It calms and controls the mind - important for 8 fold path
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13
Q

What are the 3 mantras?

A

Om-mani-padma-hum = for the bodhisattva of compassion

Three jewels mantra = reminds Buddhists of where they can seek refuge (“I go to the Buddha for refuge, I go to the dharma for refuge, I go to the Sanga for refuge”)

Metta Bhavana mantra = helps Buddhists reflect and get in the right state of mind for enlightenment

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14
Q

Why are mantras important?

A
  • Reminder of the Dhama
  • Reminder of where Buddhists can turn for refuge
  • Reminder of the Buddha’s qualities
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15
Q

What is mala?

A

They are counting prayer beads that Buddhists use to count mantras. There are 112 beads and three tassels to remind them of the three jewels

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16
Q

Why are mala important?

A
  • Help Buddhists keep count of mantras
  • To remind of the dharma as when you move beads it shows you moving away from worldly attachment
  • Helps to remind them of where they can go for help to find enlightenment
17
Q

What does Wesak celebrate?

A

The Buddha’s birth, death and enlightenment. It remembers his teachings for breaking out of Samsara

18
Q

Describe the Wesak celebration

A
  • It is the first full moon of May
  • Light lanterns to show enlightenment
  • Pour water over statues of the Buddha to show purity
  • Walk around lit stupas
  • Give to monks for good karma
  • Spend time with monks and learn about the dharma
  • Some lay people take five extra precepts
19
Q

What does Vassa celebrate?

A

It celebrates the time the Buddha gave his first sermon to five holy men

20
Q

Describe the Vassa celebration

A
  • It is during rainy season after the first full moon of July or August
  • Monks and nuns stay in the viharas and study and teach the dharma
  • They are joined by lay people to learn about the dharma
  • Youngs boys are paraded like princes to the vihara and then shave their heads and wear inexpensive clothes when they get their
21
Q

What does Kathina celebrate?

A

It celebrates the end of Vassa and remembers when 30 monks were making their way to the Buddha and were caught in the rain. When they arrived buddha gave them cloth to help sew new clothes.

Kathina refers to the sewing frame used to make robes

22
Q

Describe the Kathina celebration

A
  • Young boys who stayed in the Vihara are welcomed home
  • Lay people give the monks cloth
  • The monks stay up all night making cloth into robes
  • Lay people give monks gifts
  • The monks devote their time to understanding the Dharma
  • Lay people give up bad habits
23
Q

What does Paranirvana day celebrate?

A

It is a Mahayana festival which celebrates when the Buddha died and passed into paranirvana

24
Q

Describe the Paranirvana celebration?

A
  • Some Buddhists go in retreats and meditate during this period
  • It is a solemn occasion and Buddhists retell the sutra which talks about the buddha’s last days
  • The Buddhist community comes together to do puja
  • There is a pilgrimage to the death place of the Buddha Kushinager
25
Q

Describe the features of a Theravada funeral and whether is remembers the Sanga or Dharma

A

Buddhists in Thervevadan countries think rebirt takes place immediately after death

Dharma:
- In Sri Lanka the families will give cloth to the monks to pass on the deceased’s karma
- They will set up a shrine for the deceased
- A week, three months and a year after special merit making ceremonies take place for the benefit of the deceased person

Sanga
- The funeral ceremony includes chanting
- There is a procession
- The Sanga are brought together for merit making ceremonies

26
Q

Describe the features of a Mahayana funeral and whether it remembers the Sanga, the Dharma or the Buddha

A

Buddha:
- Whispers the name of the Buddha into the ear of the dying person

Dharma:
- Put flowers and candles around coffin to show impermanence
- Sky funerals show impermanence

Sanga:
- Readings from the book of the dead
- Bone picking

27
Q

Give four features of the role of Buddha and Bodhisattvas in worship

A
  • Used in visualisation as a reminder of their qualities
  • Used in mudras
  • Statues in temples
  • Chant mantras about them
28
Q

What quote does the Buddha say about wisdom?

A

‘Wisdom is born of meditation, Without meditation, wisdom wanes’

29
Q

What quote shows where to find refuge?

A

‘One who seeks refuge in the buddha, the dharma and the sangha, sees with perfect wisdom the four noble truths’

Buddhism (2 decks)

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