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MBChB - Y3 - Anatomy - Reproductive > Practical 3 - Station 1: Perineum > Flashcards

Practical 3 - Station 1: Perineum Flashcards

1
Q

What are the structures of the male perineum?

A

External genitalia

  • Scrotum
  • Urethra
  • Testis
  • Penis

Perineal muscles

Anal canal

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2
Q

What are the structures of the female perineum?

A

External genitalia

  • Labia
  • Urethra

Perineal muscles

Anal canal

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3
Q

What are the two triangles of the perineum?

A

Urogenital

Anal

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4
Q

What is the name of the thin sheet of deep fascia that stretches between the right and left of the pubic arch below the pubic symphysis?

A

Perineal membrane

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5
Q

What is fixed to the perineal membrane?

A

External genitalia

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6
Q

Identify

A

Deep transverse perineal muscle

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7
Q

Identify

A

Bulbospongiosus

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8
Q

Identify

A

Ischiocavernosus

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9
Q

Identify

A

Superficial transverse perineal muscle

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10
Q

Identify

A

Bulbospongiosus

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11
Q

What is the nerve supply of this?

A

External anal sphincter

  • Pudendal nerve (inferior anal nerve)
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12
Q

What is the main action of the external anal sphincter?

A

Relaxes from a tonic contraction

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13
Q

What is the nerve supply of this?

A

Pudendal nerve (brnch. perineal nerve)

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14
Q

What is the action of the bulbospongiosus in women?

A

Compresses vestibular bulb

Constricts vaginal orifice

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15
Q

What is the action of the bulbospongiosus in men?

A

Compresses penis bulb

Contributes to erection, orgasm contractions and ejaculation

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16
Q

What is the nerve supply of this?

A

Ischiocavernosus

Pudendal nerve (brnch. perineal nerve)

17
Q

What is the function of the ischiocavernosus in females?

A

Tense vagina during orgasm

18
Q

What is the function of the ischiocavernosus in males?

A

Stabilise erection by compressing corpus cavernosum

19
Q

What is the nerve supply of this?

A

Superficial transverse perineal muscle

Pudendal nerve (brnch. perineal nerve)

20
Q

What is the function of the superficial transverse perineal muscle?

A

Fixation and stabilisation of perineal body

21
Q

What is the nerve supply of this?

A

Deep transverse perineal muscle

Pudendal nerve

22
Q

What is the function of the deep transverse perineal muscle?

A

Fixation and stabilisation of perineal body

Expulsion of semen and urine

23
Q

What is the nerve supply of the external urethral sphincter?

A

Pudendal nerve

24
Q

What 4 muscles converge towards the perineal body?

A

Levator ani

Bulbospongiosus

Superficial transverse perineal

External anal sphincter

25
Q

What are the boundaries of the superficial perineal pouch and what is it?

A

A potential space between the deep and superficial perineal fascia

26
Q

What are the boundaries of the deep perineal space and what important structure is found here?

A

Deep perineal fascia (below)

Superficial urogenital diaphragm (above)

Contains the external urethral sphincter

27
Q

What muscle is surrounded by the deep perineal space?

A

Deep transverse perineal muscle

28
Q

summary of pelvic spaces

A
29
Q

What are the 4 parts of the male urethra?

A

Pre prostatic

Prostatic

Membranous

Spongy

30
Q

What is the widest part of the male urethra and why?

A

Prostatic

  • opening for ejaculatory duct
  • can be compressed
31
Q

What is the narrowest part of the male urethra?

A

Membranous

  • Contains external urethral sphincter
32
Q

What is alcock’s canal?

A

Canal in the pelvis where the internal pudendal vein and artery pass as well as the pudendal nerve

33
Q

What is the major content of the ischioanal fossa?

A

Adipose lobules

34
Q

Why is the ischioanal fossa a common site of abscess formation?

A

E.coli from anal tears

35
Q

What can happen when ischioanal abscesses become large and burst?

A

They can form fistulae

MBChB - Y3 - Anatomy - Reproductive (9 decks)

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