Portal Hypertension

Question 1

portal system

Answer 1

1. area where the exchange takes place and starts in venous and ends in venous
2. 2 portal system
   - in the gut ends in the liver (hepatic portal system)
   - starts at the hypothalamus and ends in the pituitary (hypothalamus hypophyseal system)
3. Anastomosis of portal & systemic -blood bypass liver - liver function decreases (porto cable shunting)

Question 2

PORTAL HYPERTENSION

Answer 2

• PORTAL PRESSURE 12 mmHG or&raquo_space;
• Increased intrahepatic resistance // increased portal venous inflow
• CIRRHOSIS due to portal hypertension

Question 3

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Answer 3

1. HEPATIC VASCULAR RESISTANCE
   
   • Architectural distortion (in cirrhosis)
     *regenerative nodule
     
     • activated stellate cells
       -Compression by hepatic venules
2. INCREASE PORTAL VENOUS INFLOW
   
   • cirrhosis
   • increase vasodilators

Question 4

COMPLICATION

Answer 4

-Hematemesis // melena
-Lethargy
-Increase abdominal girth
- Abdominal pain & fever