Poorly answered ESQ Flashcards
Give the two types of molecules from which a ribosome is made [1m]
- RNA
- Ribosomal proteins
Describe the role of a ribosome in the production of a polypeptide. Don’t include transcription in your answer. [3m]
- mRNA binds to ribosome
- Two codons
- tRNA with an anticodon binding site brings complementary codons to bind
- Peptide bond formed between amino acids
- Ribosome moves along the chain
Suggest and explain two ways the cell-surface membrane of the cells lining the uterus may be adapted to allow for rapid transport of nutrients. [2m]
Membrane folded for a increase in surface area
Large number of protein channels for co-transport
State three comparisons of genetic diversity that the scientists used in order to to generate ancestry data (3m)
- Base sequence of DNA
- Base sequence of mRNA
- Amino acid sequence of proteins
Common eval marks
- Stat test
- Significance
- Side effects
- Sample size
- In vivo vs in vitro
Explain three ways in which an insects tracheal system is adapted for efficient gas exchange
- Tracheal walls thin so short diffusion distance
- Large number of tracheoles so large surface area
- Fluid in the end of tracheoles that moves out into tissues during exercise so larger surface area
AGD causes the lamellae to become thicker and fuse together. This reduces the efficiency of gas exchange in fish. Give two reasons why.
- Decrease in surface area due to fused lamellae
- Increase in diffusion distance due to thicker lamellae
Not all mutations in the nucleotide sequence of a gene cause a change in the study are of a polypeptide. Explain two reasons why.
Multiple triplets are able to code for the same amino acid due to the degenerative nature of the genetic code.
Mutations may occur in non-coding sequences.
The hydrostatic pressure falls from the arterials end of the capillary to the venue end of the capillary. Explain why.
Fluid loss
