Polysaccharide and polysaccharide-containing drugs Flashcards
produced in large quantities in green leaves as the temporary storage form of photosynthetic product
Starch
an enzyme present in pancreatic juice and saliva, hydrolyzes starch by a random splitting of a 1,4- glucosidic linkages
a-amylase
produces its effect by removing maltose units from the non-reducing ends of polysaccharide molecules
B-amylase
end product in the case of amylase is
maltose
products of incomplete hydrolysis are polysaccharide fragments known as
dextrins
Mature grain of corn
Zea mays
Mature grain of wheat
Triticum aestivum
Tubers of the potato
Solanaceae
slightly soluble in cold water
used as tablet excipient
Pregelatinized starch
- A semisynthetic material, is the sodium salt of a carboxymethyl ether of starch
- It is used as a disintegrating agent in tablet formulations.
SODIUM STARCH GLYCOLATE
Is a semisynthetic material that is prepared in such a manner that is approx 90% amylopectin, and 7 or 8 hydroxyethyl substituents are present for each 10
glucose units
HETASTARCH
A 6% solution of hetastarch is used as a
plasma expander
it is obtained from the subterranean organs of members of the family Compositae
INULIN OR HYDROUS INULIN
Is an a-1,6-linked polyglucan that is formed from sucrose by the action of a transglucosylase enzyme system (dextran sucrase) present in Leuconostoc
mesenteroides
Dextran
Is a sterile, colloidal solution of ferric hydroxide in complex with partially hydrolyzed dextran of low molecular weight in water for injection
IRON DEXTRAN INJECTION
It is a hematinic preparation that is administered by intramuscular or intravenous injection
IRON DEXTRAN INJECTION
- Most abundant organic compound on earth
* Principal structural element of higher plant cell walls
CELLULOSE
is the hair of the seed of cultivated varieties of Gossypium hirsutum Linne or of other species of Gossypium (Malvaceae) that is freed from adhering impurities, deprived of fatty matter, bleached, and sterilized in its final container
PURIFIED COTTON
PURIFIED COTTON also called as
absorbent cotton
mechanically disintegrated cellulose
It is used as a self-binding tablet diluent and disintegrating agent.
POWDERED CELLULOSE
- is a purified, partially depolymerized cellulose prepared by treating cellulose with mineral acids
- used as a diluent in the production of tablets
MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE
- is a fibrous form of bleached, regenerated cellulose
* it is used as a surgical aid and may not contain more than 1.25% of titanium dioxide
PURIFIED RAYON
