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Science 7 > Planet Earth Section 3 and 4 > Flashcards

Planet Earth Section 3 and 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

1910 Alfred Wegner’s theory

A

At one point the continents were all one.

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2
Q

Pangea

A

Supercontinent

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3
Q

Continental drift theory evidence

Name at least 1

Try to name all

A

1.Landform - continents matching shape
2.fossil - animals and plants can’t cross oceans
3. Mountain - similar rock layers
4. Glacial - matching deep scratches of same age
5. Minerals from one area found in a completely different area

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4
Q

Seismographs

A

Measures the force of an earthquake

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5
Q

Trenches

A

Distinctive deep valleys under the ocean near edges of continents

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6
Q

Ridges

A

Long underwater mountain ranges

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7
Q

The ridges near the crust were

A

Thin and young

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8
Q

Crust was being made by

A

Oceanic ridges

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9
Q

The crust was moving down into

A

Trenches

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10
Q

The crust exists in large plates called

A

Plate techtonics

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11
Q

Most earthquakes and volcanoes

A

Are concentrated on specific areas

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12
Q

Lithosphere broken up into large areas called

A

Plates

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13
Q

The plates are

A

Slow moving

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14
Q

Convection Currents of magma

A

Push and pull the plates

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15
Q

When plates slide past each other they create

A

Earthquake fault zones

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16
Q

Deep trenches are formed by

A

subduction zones

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17
Q

Fold mountains occur when

A

2 continental plates collide

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18
Q

Converging Plate techtonics can form

A

Mountains

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19
Q

because of the huge amount a force when these plates collide

A

some rocks may collide creating a folded mountain

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20
Q

Upfolds

A

anticlines

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21
Q

downfolds

A

synaclines

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22
Q

faults form in mountains like faults in the

A

crust

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23
Q

if the techtonic plates break

A

the world will expload

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24
Q

Alberta’s Rocky Mountains are located far from the

A

converging Pacific Ocean Plate and the North American Plate

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25
Q

a mountain is a natural

A

elevation of the earth’s crust

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26
Q

Alberta’s mountains were formed by

A

the collision of the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate.

27
Q

volcanoes

A

formed by cooling lava from volcanic eruption.

28
Q

Fold Mountains

A

formed by the collision of two tectonic plates causing compression of the crust.

29
Q

Folds

A

bends formed in the rock once it is softened by pressure and heat due to friction

30
Q

Dome Mountains

A

the result of a great amount of magma pushing its way up under the earth’s crust

31
Q

Fault block mountains

A

formed when fault or cracks in the earth’s crust force some materials or blocks of rock up and others down

32
Q

Fossils

A

remains or Impressions left by a once living organism preserved in rocks

33
Q

Paleontologists

A

scientists who study prehistoric life such as fossils.

34
Q

The first step in how a fossil is forrmed

A

Animals buried by sediment, layer of sediment stops bones from rotting.

35
Q

The second step in how a fossil is forrmed

A

More sediment layers accumulate above the animals remains, minerals slowly replace the calcium phosphate in

36
Q

The 3rd step in how a fossil is formed

A

Movement of tectonic plates or giant rock slabs that make up the earth’s surface lifts up the sediment and pushes the fossil closer to the surface.

37
Q

The 4th step in how a fossil is formed

A

Erosion from wind,rain, and rivers wears away at the remaining rock layers. Eventually people digging or erosion will reveal the fossil.

38
Q

True form fossil

A

fossil of actual remains like bones

39
Q

trace fossil

A

evidence of living like footprints

40
Q

mould fossil

A

remains broken down only cavitie remains

41
Q

cast fossil

A

a mould filled with sediment

42
Q

Relative age

A

indicates that one layer is older or younger than another ​layer. Does not tell the exact age of rock.

43
Q

Principle of superposition

A

says that a sedimentary rock layer(strata) is younger than the one beneath it and older than the one above it.

44
Q

you might find an older rock on a younger one due

A

to weathering and erosion

45
Q

We often use ——— to give us a better idea of identifying certain time periods. They are often marine animals.

A

index fossils

46
Q

Radiocarbon dating

A

can get a more precise measurement of the fossils’ age

47
Q

Lead-uranium dating

A

up to 4.5 billion years, can be used for older fossils

48
Q

Geologists have based these eras on the sequence of

A

rock strata

49
Q

Earths first form

A

Circling gases (4.6 billion years ago)

50
Q

Earths second form

A

Atmosphere gases form

51
Q

Earths 3rd form

A

rivers of red-hot lava

52
Q

earths 4th form

A

Solid Rock crust ( 4 billion years ago)

53
Q

earths 5th form

A

Surface water and first life forms (3.8 billion years ago).

54
Q

earths 6th form

A

Earth Today

55
Q

Era’s in order

A

1.Precambrian Era
2.Paleozoic Era
3.Meszonic Era
4.Cezononic Era

56
Q

At least one fact about precambrian era

A

4600 to 600
millions of years ago
* formation of Earth
* first simple organisms
(bacteria)
* first soft-bodied animals
(no vertebrae)

57
Q

At least on fact about paleozonic era

A

600 to 225
millions of years ago
* first reptiles
* first large land animals
(amphibians—frogs)
* first insects
* first large land plants
* first fish with jaws

58
Q

At least on fact about Meszonic era

A

225 to 65
millions of years ago
* dinosaurs rule and then
become extinct
* first flowering plants
* first birds and mammals

59
Q

At least on fact about Cenozoic era

A

65 millions of
years ago to present day
* appearance of most
modern species
* many more species of
mammals
* first grasses
* first human-like species
(about 2–3 millions of
years ago)

60
Q

whats the current era

A

Cenozoic era

61
Q

Fossils are the only evidence scientists have of

A

early life forms.

62
Q

Palaeontologists use fossil evidence to help them develop

A

theories about prehistoric life

63
Q

The Burgess Shale

A

A unique layer of sedimentary rock that has preserved soft tissue fossils of many species

64
Q

what conditions are needed for the burguess shale

A
  • fine sediments
    • quick burial
    • lack of oxygen for bacterial decomposers

Science 7 (1 decks)

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