Pioneers, Innovators, Developers

Question 1

Innovation

Answer 1

a new method, product or idea and the improvement of an existing idea or method

Question 2

Mass Production

Answer 2

creation of similar large numbered products

Question 3

Patent

Answer 3

license to exclude others from making, selling or using an invention

Question 4

Pioneer

Answer 4

one who ventures into an unknown territory to settle. One who opens up new areas of thought, research or development

Question 5

Innovator

Answer 5

a person who creates or introduces something new

Question 6

Developer

Answer 6

a person who develops into a certain field and takes it further

Question 7

Original pioneers

Answer 7

The original pioneers of the USA had trekked westward to open up the interior of the USA and settle in the west. First pioneer to explore westward was Lewis and Clark
They were the first US officials to venture into US territory west of St Louis. West was opened for pioneers to explore following Louisiana purchase (bought by the US from France). Lewis and Clark led 50 americans north west along the Missouri river from St Louis on 14th May in 1804 - Instructed by President Jefferson. The trip was 6400 kilometers and took almost two and a half years. Travelled up the Missouri river to its headwaters. Then hired Indian guides and horses and travelled 480 km over mountains to headwaters of Clear Water river and then built canoes. Travelled from Clearwater to Colombia and the Pacific Ocean. Hired a French-Canadian fur trader and his wife to help guide and interpret. Her knowledge of the west and her language skills were crucial in the success of the expedition

Question 8

Thomas Edison

Answer 8

• First patent was at the age of 21
• Last was granted two years after his death
• Invented the phonograph when working on the telegraph and telephone
• Wanted to record sound on tin-coated cylinders and created a machine that had two needles- one to record and one to playback sound
• In 1877 he recorded “Mary had a little lamb” which was the first ever recording
• In 1878 Edison set up his own Phonograph company called Edison Speaking Phonograph Company
• Made improvements to the light bulb by using carbon filaments and removing the oxygen as well as a lower voltage in order to make it last longer
• In 1880 Edison patented an electricity distribution system which had 121 stations in 1887

Question 9

Josephine Cochrane

Answer 9

• Born in 1839 in Chicago
• Married at the age of 19
• Invented the dishwasher in order to pay off her husbands debts
• During one event her china was chipped by her servants which was another reason to invent the dishwasher
• She received help from George Butters
• Received her first patent in December of 1886
• Won the highest prize for best mechanical construction, durability and adaptation to its line of work in the World’s columbian Exposition of Chicago
• Started her company Garis-Cochrane Manufacturing Company
• Later bought by KitchenAid