Physiology: cardiac jargon

Question 1

what is the stroke volume(SV)

Answer 1

volume of blood ejected by each ventricle per heart beat(70ml)
(= end diastolic volume - end systolic volume)

Question 2

what is the end-diastolic volume

Answer 2

the max volume in the ventricle just before it contracts(120ml)

Question 3

what is the end-systolic volume

Answer 3

volume left at end of ventricular contraction(50ml)

Question 4

what is the ejection fraction

Answer 4

(SV/end-diastolic volume) x 100

=50-60%

Question 5

what is the cardiac output(CO)

Answer 5

volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per minute

= SV x HR (=5L)

Question 6

what is the systemic vascular resistance(SVR)/total peripheral resistance(TPR)

Answer 6

sum of resistance of all vasculature in systemic circulation

Question 7

what is the mean arterial pressure(MAP)

Answer 7

average arterial BP during 1 cardiac cycle (90mmHg)

Question 8

what are the 3 different equations for MAP

Answer 8

= CO x SVR
= [(2 x diastolic) + systolic] /3
= diastolic + 1/3pulse pressure

Question 9

what is pulse pressure

Answer 9

systolic BP - diastolic BP (50mmHg)

Question 10

what is the preload

Answer 10

the amount of sarcomere stretch experienced by myocytes at end of ventricular filling during diastole

Question 11

what is the afterload

Answer 11

pressure that the heart must overcome to eject blood during systole