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Dermatology - High Yield > Physiology > Flashcards

Physiology Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What are the 4 layers of the epidermis (from top to bottom)?

A

Keratin Layer
Granular Layer
Pickle Cell Layer
Basal Layer

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2
Q

What makes up most of the keratin layer?

A

Corneocytes

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3
Q

What are corneocytes?

A

Terminally differentiated keratinocytes

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4
Q

What are merkel cells?

A

Mechanoreceptors

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5
Q

Where are merkel cells found?

A

Basal layer

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6
Q

What are langerhans cells?

A

Immune cells of epidermis

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7
Q

Where are langerhans cells found?

A

Prickle cell layer (also dermis, lymph nodes and eyes)

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8
Q

What cells are langerhans cells like?

A

Dendritic cells (antigen presenting cells)

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9
Q

What are melanocytes?

A

Pigment producing cells

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10
Q

Where do melanocytes originate from?

A

Neural crest

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11
Q

Where are melanocytes found?

A

Basal layer and above

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12
Q

What is the reaction that occurs in melanocytes?

A

Tyrosine to melanin

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13
Q

What are the two types of melanin?

A

Eumelanin

Phaeomelanin

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14
Q

What colour is eumelanin?

A

Brown/ black

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15
Q

What colour is phaeomelanin?

A

Red/ yellow

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16
Q

What is the muscle found in hair follicles (pilosebaceous unit)

A

Arrector Pilli muscle

17
Q

What are the 3 growth phases of hair?

A

Anagen
Catagen
Telogen

18
Q

What is the anagen phase and how long does it last?

A

Growing phase (3-7 years)

19
Q

What is the catagen phase and how long does it last?

A

Involuting phase (3-4 weeks)

20
Q

What is the telogen phase and how long does it last?

A

Resting (shedding) - 1 day

21
Q

What do pilo-sebaceous units secrete?

A

Sebum

22
Q

What is the dermis made up of?

A

Connective tissue (Ground substance and cells)

23
Q

What cells are found in the connective tissue?

A

Fibroblasts and immune cells

24
Q

Pacinian corpsucles sense?

A

Pressure

25
Q

Pacinian corpuscles look like?

A

Onions

26
Q

Meissner’s corpuscles sense?

A

Viration

Dermatology - High Yield (1 decks)

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