Physics4 8I Fluids Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three states of matter?

A

Soild, liquid and gas.

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2
Q

What happens to the temperature of a substance when it is changing state?

E.g. solid to liquid

A

The temperature stays constant.

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3
Q

What happens to the pressure on a diver as she gets deeper?

A

The pressure increases with depth.

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4
Q

Explain what causes pressure in a balloon.

A

The air particles in the balloon collide with the walls and exert a force on them.

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5
Q

What equation is used to calculate density?

A

Density = mass/volume

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6
Q

What is drag?

A

Drag is the friction caused by moving through a fluid.

E.g in air it’s called air resistance, in water it’s called drag.

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7
Q

If an object has a mass of 150 g and a volume of 30 cm3 , what is its density?

A

Density = mass/volume

density = 150/30 = 5 g/cm3

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8
Q

What is the change of state from gas to liquid called?

A

Condensation.

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9
Q

An object with a density of 4g/cm3 is placed in a bowl of water. What happens to it?

A

Water has a density of 1g/cm3 so the object will sink as it is denser than water.

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10
Q

What happens to an object with a density of 0.75 g/cm3 when it is placed in a bowl of water?

A

It will float as it is less dense than water which has a density of 1 g/cm3.

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11
Q

Describe what happens to atmospheric pressure as you climb a mountain?

A

The atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude.

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12
Q

Calculate the density of an object with a mass of 64 kg and a volume of 8 m3.

A

Density = mass/volume

Density = 64/8 = 8 kg/m3

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13
Q

What is the change of state from solid to liquid called?

A

Melting.

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14
Q

What is the change of state from liquid to gas called?

A

Evaporation.

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15
Q

What is the change of state from liquid to solid called?

A

Freezing.

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16
Q

What happens to the pressure in a sealed container of gas when it is heated?

A

The pressure increases because the gas partcles hit the container walls more often and with greater energy, because they are moving faster.

17
Q

What is happening where the graph is horizontal?

A

The substance is changing state;

first - from solid to liquid

second - liquid to gas

18
Q

Why does an inflated balloon shrink if you leave it in the freezer?

A

The pressure drops because the gas particles move more slowly and hit the walls

of the balloon less often and with less energy.

19
Q

What happens to the pressure in a balloon if you add more air?

A

The pressure will increase as there are now more particles to collide with the walls.

20
Q

Calculate the density of a metal block woth a mass of 112 g and a volume of 7 cm3.

A

Density = mass/volume

density = 112/7 = 16 g/cm3