Physics 1 Flashcards
What are the units of force?
Newton or kg m / s^2
What are the units of energy?
Joules or kg m^2 / s^2
What are the units of power?
Watts or kg m^2 / s^3
What are the units of electric field?
N/C or V/m or kg m / A s^3
What is the unit of magnetic field?
Tesla or Vs/m^2 or kg/Cs or kg/ A s^2 or N s/ C m
What are the 3 kinematic equations?
Vf = Vo + at
d= vo(t) + 1/2 a t^2
vf^2 = vo^2 + 2ad
What is the equation for force?
F= ma
How do you solve for max height and horizontal distance?
Max height is when vf is 0 and horizontal distance travelled is when acceleration is 0
What is mass and what is weight?
Mass is a scalar quantity that measures a bodies inertia while weight is a force vector that measures a bodies gravitational attraction to the earth
What is the equation for weight?
W= mg (units are N)
What are Newtons Laws?
- A body either at rest or in motion with constant velocity will remain that way unless a net force acts upon it
- A net force applied to a body of mass will result in that body undergoing acceleration in the same direction as the net force, if no net force then no acceleration (FNET = ma)
- If body A exerts a force F on body B then B exerts a force -F back on A that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction
What is the equation for gravitational force?
F= G m1 m2 / r^2
G= constant of 6.67 x 10^-11
What is the equation for torque?
T= rF sintheta
Where r is distance between axis and force, F is magnitude of force and sinetheta is angle between F and r
What is static friction?
The force which must be overcome to set an object in motion
What is the equation for kinetic friction?
Fk= (uk)N
What direction does centripetal acceleration point?
Toward the center of the circle
What is the equation for centripetal acceleration?
A = v^2/r
What is the equation for centripetal force?
F= ma = mv^2/r
What is work?
A measure of mechanical energy that is transferred for a constant force F acting on an object which moves through distance D
What is the equation for work?
W= fd cos (theta)
What is the equation for power?
P=w/t
What are the equations for kinetic and potential energy?
Ek= 1/2 m v^2
Ep =mgh
How can you know if a force is conservative or not?
- If the work done to move a particle in any round trip is 0 the force is conservation
- If the work needed to move a particle between 2 points is the same regardless of the path taken, then the force is conservative
What are non conservative forces and what are some examples?
- Non conservative forces cause energy to be transferred to another form such as heat
- Friction, air resistance, and viscosity are examples
In a pulley system, what is the load, load distance, effort and effort distance?
The weight of the object being lifted is the load and the distance it rises is the load distance. The force exerted on the rope when lifting the load is known as the effort and distance which the effort is exerted is the effort distance
What is the equation for efficiency for pulleys?
Efficiency = work out/ work in
Efficiency = load (load distance) / effort (effort distance)
What is the equation for momentum?
P=mv
What is the equation for impulse?
Change in momentum
J= ft = mv- mvo
What is a completely inelastic collision?
One where the colliding bodies stick together after the collision with a combined mass and there is only 1 final velocity of the two objects
What is a completely elastic collision?
Both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved
What is thermodynamics?
The study of heat and its effects
What is temperature?
A measure of the internal energy of the object
What is the equation for thermal expansion?
DeltaL= a Lo DeltaT
A is coefficient of linear expansion
Lo is the original length
Delta L is change in length
And Delta T is change in temperature
What is the equation for volume expansion?
DeltaV= B Vo DeltaT
Delta T is change in temp
Vo is original volume
Delta V is change in volume
B is coefficient equal to 3a
What is heat defined as and what units are used for heat?
Can be defined as the energy transferred between 2 objects as a result of a difference in temperature
Units are Cal, cal or Joules
What are the types of heat transfer?
Conduction: Direct transfer of energy from molecule to molecule through molecular collisions
Convection: Transfer of heat by the physical motion of the heated material, only can take place in fluids (liquids and gases)
Radiation: Transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves and is the only method that allows transfer of heat through a vacuum
What is the equation for specific heat?
Q= Mc Delta T
M is mass
C is constant
Delta T is change in temperature
Q is heat gained or lost by an object
What is the heat of transformation?
The total amount of heat gained or lost by a substance during a phase change
What is the equation for heat of transformation?
Q= mL
m is mass and L is the heat of transformation of the substance
What is the equation for pressure?
P= F/a
What is the equation for work (one involving P)?
W= P deltaV
What is an isobaric process?
When the pressure remains constant
What is the equation for internal energy?
Delta U = Q-W
Q is heat W is work
What is entropy?
Measure of disorder of a system
What are isothermal processes?
Processes where temperature is constant
What is the equation for change in entropy?
Delta S= Q/T
Where T is constant temperature of system in KELVINS
What is the equation and units for density?
P=m/v and units are kg/m^3
What is the density of water?
10^3 kg / m^3
What is the absolute pressure and what is the equation for it?
Absolute pressure in a fluid due to gravity on an object somewhere below the surface
P= P0 + pgh
Where P0 is pressure at surface, p is density of fluid, g is gravity and h is depth below surface
What is the equation for gauge pressure?
Pg = P- Patm
What does Pascals principle state?
Principle states that a change in the pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of the containing vessel
What is Archimedes principle?
Principle states that a body wholly or partially immersed in a fluid will be buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid that it displaces
What are the 2 types of forces that the molecules of a liquid experience?
Adhesion: Attractive force that molecules of liquid feel for some other substances
Cohesion: Attractive force that a molecule of liquid feels toward the other molecules of liquid
What is hydrodynamics?
The physics of fluids in motion
What is Bernoulli’s Equation?
PAGE 17 on NOTES REVIEW
What is viscosity and what is the unit for viscosity?
- Measure of the internal friction of a fluid
- SI Unit: N s /m ^2
What is Young’s Modulus?
The elasticity of a solid is characterized by a factor called a modulus. The force applied to a cross sectional area is defined as stress and the change in length normalized to the start length of material is known as strain
What is shear modulus?
PG 18 on slides REVIEW
What is Bulk modulus?
Relates the change in pressure acting on the surfaces of a solid or fluid to the change in volume that is produced
