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Geography GCSE 2017 > physical case studies > Flashcards

physical case studies Flashcards

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1
Q

When did monserrat explode?

A

1997

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2
Q

How many people died in monserrat?

A

19

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3
Q

How much aid was given in monserrat?

A

£57 million

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4
Q

What is a lahar?

A

destructive mudflow

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5
Q

When did the Cristchurch earth quake occur?

A

22nd feb 2011

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6
Q

How many people died in Cristchurch?

A

181

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7
Q

What was the magnitude of the earthquake in christchurch?

A

63

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8
Q

What was the depth of focus of the earthquake in christchurch?

A

5km

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9
Q

How many people were injured in Cristchurch?

A

2 000

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10
Q

How many residents were given chemical toilets were given in Christchurch? and how many autrailian police

A

30 000

300

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11
Q

When was the Nepal earthquake?

A

25th April 2015

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12
Q

How many people died in Nepal?

A

8 000

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13
Q

How many people were homeless in Nepal?

A

2.8 million

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14
Q

How many people were injured in Nepal?

A

14 000

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15
Q

How much aid did the UK give Nepal?

A

£41 million

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16
Q

How big were the waves on the boxing day tsunami?

A

25m waves travelled 800m inland

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17
Q

How many people died in the boxing day tsunami?

A

275 000

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18
Q

How many people were homeless in the boxing day tsunami?

A

2 million

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19
Q

How many people were injured in the boxing day tsunami?

A

650 000 people

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20
Q

How much aid was given for the boxing day tsunami?

A

£14 billion from public appeals

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21
Q

How much of Montserrat did the volcano cover?

A

2/3

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22
Q

What minerals are mined from the Andes?

A

Tin, Nickel, Silver and Gold

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23
Q

What were the human causes of the floods of Tewkesbury in 2007?

A

Impermeable surfaces + no flood defences

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24
Q

What were the physical causes of the floods of Tewkesbury in 2007?

A
  • surrounded by floodplains
  • at the confluence of two large rivers with many tribuatries (= large catchment area)
  • 140mm of rain in few hours.
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25
Q

How many houses and businesses were affected in the 2007 floods?

A

800 houses, 500 businesses

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26
Q

How many people were left without water in 2007?

A

140 000

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27
Q

What are some other effects of the 2007 floods?

A

made the houses smell + transport routes were cut off

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28
Q

How much money did the embankment in upton on severn cost?

A

£4 000 000

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29
Q

What were long term responses to the 2007 floods?

A

impermeable wall built around the water treatment works + flood warning system.

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30
Q

How many sandbags were given in 2007?

A

1 500

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31
Q

How many portaloos were given in 2007?

A

133

32
Q

What were short term responses to the 2007 floods?

A

the fire service rescued people + supermarkets gave food and Severn Trent gave bottled water.

33
Q

What were the human causes of the Pakistan floods?

A

deforestation, urbanisation and dumping waste

34
Q

What were the Physical causes of the Pakistan floods?

A

monsoon rainfall, snow melt, gradient of the land, permeable rock.

35
Q

How many peoples homes were destroyed after the 2010 Pakistan floods?

A

12 000 000

36
Q

How many people died after the 2010 Pakistan floods?

A

1 500

37
Q

How many acres of crops were washed away in pakistan?

A

6 500 000 acres of (6.5 mil acres)

38
Q

How many miles of road and railway were washed away in Pakistan?

A

5 000 miles

39
Q

What were some short term responses to the 2010 Pakistan floods?

A

21 helicopters and 150 boats were given. interantional aid: tents, blankets, water and food.

40
Q

What were some long term responses to the 2010 Pakistan floods?

A

800 000 farms were given crop packages. The UK gave £10 million to help rebuild bridges. enlarged taxes for wealthy residents.

41
Q

When did the landslide occur in Lyme Regis, Dorset?

A

may 2008

42
Q

How is the Lyme Regis coast protected?

A

Sea wall in and stabilising land (£17 million)

43
Q

What is the benefit of the coast protections in Lyme Regis?

A

More secure future for the town

44
Q

What are the drawbacks of the coast protections in Lyme Regis?

A

Very expensive
Ugly
maintenace

45
Q

How high above sea level is the Maldives?

A

2.4 m (the sea is rising by 9mm per year)

46
Q

What are the economic effects of sea level rise in the Maldives?

A

Tourism resort are flooded

47
Q

What are the environmental effects of sea level rise in the Maldives?

A 
more tropical storms
Increased erosion (2/3 of coral species lost)
48
Q

What are the social effects of sea level rise in the Maldives?

A

360 000 Maldivians may have to be relocated

More money is spent of defences and less on public services.

49
Q

What are some responses to sea level rise in the maldives?

A

Building islands
Bought land in other countries
Male is surrounded by a 3m high wall

50
Q

What are positive social effects of kielder water in Northumbaland?

A

Can act as a flood prevention measure

Lake helps when there are water shortages

51
Q

What are positive economic effects of kielder water in Northumbaland?

A

Hydroelectric power station can generate 6 MW

Tourism raises £6 million a year

52
Q

What are positive environmental effects of kielder water in Northumbaland?

A

made 8 sites of special scientific interest

53
Q

What are negative social effects of kielder water in Northumbaland?

A

58 families were displaced

54
Q

What are negative environmental effects of kielder water in Northumbaland?

A

lots of farmland was lost
the forest they planted was only made from one type of tree
reduced fish spawning ground downstream

55
Q

What are positive effects of the three gorges damn, Yangtze?

A

prevents 100 million people from being flooded
makes 10% of China’s electricity
provided jobs

56
Q

What are negative effects of the three gorges damn, Yangtze?

A

13 cities were submerged
1.4 million people were forced to leave their homes
causes landslides
$15.5 billion
rubbish is deposited + silt held back + animals going extinct

57
Q

What would happen to america if Yellowstone erupted?

A

2/3 of it would become uninhabitable

58
Q

How long is the Holderness coastline?

A

61km, eroding 2-3m per year

59
Q

What are the effects of coastal erosion at Holderness?

A

residents- 30 villages lost in the past 2000 yrs. houses are hard to sell and get insurance for
farmers- farms lose land and reduce productivity
businesses- less tourists and less people to buy from businesses
local council- have to pay large amounts of money for defenses

60
Q

what are some responses to the coastal erosion along the Holderness coastline?

A

caravan parks moved back from the coastline
2 rock groynes and a rock revetment built in 1991 in mappleton
£6.3 million on a sea wall in withernsea

61
Q

what are some responses to the coastal erosion along the Holderness coastline?

A

caravan parks moved back from the coastline
2 rock groynes and a rock revetment built in 1991 in mappleton
£6.3 million on a sea wall in withernsea

62
Q

what was the magnitude of the Nepal earthquake?

A

7.9

63
Q

what was the depth of the Nepal earthquake?

A

15km

64
Q

When was the the Holbeck Hall cliff collapse?

A

1993 (rotational slumping)

65
Q

Where is Holbeck Hall?

A

Scarborough, yorkshire

66
Q

Why was the Holbeck hall cliff collapse?

A

because of 140mm of rainfall

bad slope drainsage

67
Q

How much compensation was given for Hlbeck Hall?

A

£2million

68
Q

How many people were effected after the 2010 Pakistan floods?

A

18 000 000

69
Q

How many people died in the 2007 Teweksbury floods?

A

13

70
Q

how much damage was there to roads and buildings in Nepal?

A

$10 billion

71
Q

What were the secondary responses to the Christchurch earthquake?

A

80% of roads were repaired
£450 million in building claims
and water and sewage was repaired by august

72
Q

How much international aid was given in the pakistan floods?

A

400 metric tonnes (blankets, tents, water and food)

73
Q

Why were 40 000 more women killed than men in 2004?

A

because women couldn’t swim

74
Q

How many people in Aceh lost their livelihoods?

A

600 000

75
Q

long term responses to the montserrat explosion

A

An exclusion zone was set up in the volcanic region.
A volcanic observatory was built to monitor the volcano.
New roads and a new airport were built.
Services in the north of the island were expanded.
The presence of the volcano resulted in a growth in tourism.

76
Q

short term responses to the montserrat explosion

A

Evacuation.
Abandonment of the capital city.
The British government gave £57 million for compensation and redevelopment.
Unemployment rose due to the collapse of the tourist industry.

Geography GCSE 2017 (12 decks)

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