Philippi to Actium Flashcards
When was the battle of Philippi?
42BC
What happened at the battle of Philippi?
Antony went to fight alone
summoned Octavian to help
defeated armies of Brutus and Cassius (in 2 battles)
Cassius and Brutus killed themselves
Victory due to Antony – Octavian ill
What were the consequences of the battle of Philippi?
republican opposition gone
O and A appeared as strong winners over the republic
no longer any strong republican leader to follow
What does Suetonius tell us about Philippi?
O driven from camp and went to Antony’s in first battle
Sent Brutus’ head to Rome to be thrown by Caesar’s statue
Antony went to restore order in the east
O went to settle veterans in Italy, taking land from others and losing favour.
What happened at the siege of Perusia?
Antony’s brother and wife revolted because of the land confiscation
hoped Antony would come to help, but hadn’t notified him before
besieged in Perusia
not supported by Antony
starved into surrendering (Suetonius)
L. Antonius treated well
Senate of Perusia executed
O sent some troops to occupy Gaul (had belonged to Antony)
(Suetonius says O murdered everyone, even those pleading mercy, and some say he provoked the war to see who was loyal to him)
What happened after the siege of Perusia?
Treaty of Brundisium
Antony tried to return, but was refused entry (due to Octavian?)
Octavian raised forces against Antony
came to understanding
Antony married Octavia, Octavian’s sister (Appian)
A has provinces in east, O in west, L Africa (Appian)
What did Sextus Pompeius do, leading to the treaty of Misenum? What happened in the treaty? Who tells us this?
blockaded grain supply to Rome
Octavian married Scribonia – kin of Sextus
Octavian negotiated due to famine
O gave back SP his citizenship and allowed others apart from assassins to return (Cassius Dio)
Sextus to be consul and augur (Cassius Dio)
made proconsul of provinces for 5 years (Cassius Dio)
called off grain blockade (Cassius Dio)
How was the treaty of Misenum broken?
O’s fleets were defeated by Pompeius.
O recalled Agrippa from Gaul
What happened at the conference at Tarentum?
A and O met at Terentum
A wanted 20,000 troops (Appian)
O wanted 120 warships (Appian)
O never gave A troops, but A gave O warships
renewed Triumvirate for 5 years (Appian)
Agrippa constructing new fleet
What happened at the battle of Naulochus?
SP fought in sea-battle at Naulochus
SP defeated due to Agrippa
catpured and executed
Why was the battle of Naulochus’s success good for octavian?
SP pirate (Res Gestae)
ended civil wars – got rid of pirates, and grain supply assured
defeated last republican
How did Octavian remove Lepidus?
P’s troops went to him (Appian)
tried to take Sicily (Appian)
men went to O (Appian)
stripped of powers (Appian)
remained Pontifex Maximus (Appian)
didn’t want to put PM to dead
What did Octavian do after the war with Sextus Pompeius?
cancelled property tax and remitted debts (Appian)
Senate gave him an ovation, annual festivals on his victories, gold statue in Forum (Appian)
Wanted to make him PM, but refused as must hold for life (Appian)
placed O among protecting gods
burnt all documents containing the evidence of this civil war (Appian)
What did Antony do after the battle of Philippi?
Invaded Parthia
Wasn’t able to capture cities
no provisions for winter, so had to retreat – lost many men
made him financially reliant of Cleopatra
Sent Octavia to Rome
How did Antony show his support to Cleopatra?
Sat on a golden throne with her
had three children by her
declared Caesarian legitimate son of Julius Caesar
Ceasarion proclaimed “King of Kings” and Cleo “Queen of Kings”
children given parts of the east
