pharmacology2: rumen

Question 1

Bovine ketosis is linked to a high concentration of______which is made from____

Answer 1

Ketones, NEFAs

Question 2

In what organ are ketones synthesized?

Answer 2

the liver

Question 3

what are the three main serum ketones?

Answer 3

acetone, acetoacetate, B-hydroxybutyrate.

Question 4

you have confirmed bovine ketosis. What do you do?

Answer 4

Glucose 50% by bolus: inhibite NEFA realease

use a glucocorticoid like Dexmethasone or isoflu to mess with glucose distribution and kinetics

insulin: antiketogenic and inhibition of mobilization

Glucose percursors per os (propylene glycol or ammonium lactate, all of which are gluconeogenic)

Question 5

treatments that aid in the closure of the esophageal groove

Answer 5

copper sulfate (5% calves, 2% labs)

Sodium bicarb (10% calves)

Question 6

poloxalene, surfactants, docusate sodium, vegtable oil can all be used in the treatment of

Answer 6

Rumen Bloat

Question 7

MOA off all the drugs used to treat rumen bloas

Answer 7

all are considered surfactants

Question 8

treatments of rumen atony

Answer 8

cholinergics: bethanocol and neotigmine (ONLY SC)
bitters: ginger capsicum, methyl saliylate (stimulate salivation and thereby movement

My hydroxide: basically a cathartic purgative

Question 9

rumen acidosis

Answer 9

correct the dietary imbalance

oral antacids

Na bicarb

fluid therapy for dehydration

antibacterials because of all the lactic acid that they are producing

antihistamine (laminitis)

thamine brewers yeast (promote lactic acid metabolism

Question 10

urea poisoning

Answer 10

acetic acid or vinegar at 5%, and cold water to lower temperature