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NPLEX2 review of modalities > pharmacology new deck > Flashcards

pharmacology new deck Flashcards

1
Q

5-Flurorouracil

A

Pyrimidine antagonist
For : cancer of colon, rectum, breast, stomach, pancreas
SE: HF, arrhythmias, angina , MI , vomiting, alopecia, dermatitis
Interacts: anticoagulants

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2
Q

acetaminophen

A

for pain and fever
CI: liver disease

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3
Q

adalimumab

A

TNF alpha blocker , monoclonal antibody
For: rheumatic conditions
SE: increased risk of infection, may worsen heart failure, reactivate TB , HA , sinusitis

Interacts with : cyclosporine , warfarin

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4
Q

albuterol

A

beta adrenergic agonist
For asthma, acute response
SE: tachycardia, nausea, palpitations, HA, tremor, UTI
Interactions: beta blockers, CNS stimulants

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5
Q

alendronate

A

Bisphosphonate
Osteoporosis
CI: hypocalcemia, immobility, parathyroid hormone
Must correct calcium and vitamin D before starting
SE: osteonecrosis of jaw, esophageal damage, HF

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6
Q

allopurinol

A

xanthine oxidase inhibitor
Prevents gout and stone formation
caution with warfarin and anti cancer drugs

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7
Q

alprazolam

A

benzodiazepine/ CNS
For: anxiety, and panic
CI: acute narrow angle glaucoma
CYP3A inhibitors, beers criteria , liver disease

DO NOT GIVE WITH ANTIFUNGALS

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8
Q

amantadine

A

Anticholinergic, anti infective
For: parkinsons, viral infections,
SE: suicidality, hypotension, constipation, dizziness,

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9
Q

amiodarone

A

class 3 anti arrhythmic - lengthens cardiac AP
Emergency use only - most don’t tolerate it
CI: iodine allergy, bradycardia, heart block
SE: arrhythmia, bradycardia, heart block, LUNG AND LIVER TOXICITY

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10
Q

amitriptyline

A

Tricyclic antidepressant
CI: MAOI , MI recently
SE: wt gain, blurred vision, arrhythmias, MI, bone marrow depression, suicidality, mania

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11
Q

amlodipine

A

calcium channel blocker
HTN, angina
SE: dizziness, CHF, edema, HA, weakness, nausea
capsules are passed in stool

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12
Q

amoxicillin

A

antibiotic
inhibits cell wall
some gram positive and negative - dental prophylaxis
not against beta lactimase unless mixed with clavulanate

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13
Q

anastrozole

A

aromatase inhibitor
breast cancer in menopause
SE: elevated cholesterol, decrease bone density, DVT, chest pain

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14
Q

aripiprazole

A

ANTISPYCHOTIC / CNS
SE: hyperglycemia, pancreatitis, agranulocytosis , scuicidality, angioedema

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15
Q

aspirin

A

blocks TA2, PG2 in clotting cascade
Reduces risk of stroke, MI
SE: GI bleed, tinnitus, rash, occult blood

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16
Q

atenolol

A

Beta 1 blocker
HTN, angina
SE: fatigue, vertigo, bradycardia, bronchospasm, CHF
NEVER WITH digitalis
TAPER

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17
Q

atomoxetine

A

SNRI /CNS
ADHD
CI: narrow angle glaucoma, pheochromocytoma, severe cardiac disease
SE: increased BP, liver failure, mania, suicidality priapism

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18
Q

atorvastatin

A

Lipid lowering via HMGcoA reductase
-monitor liver: ALT, AST at start and 6wks
-give with CoQ10 atleast 100mg
-discontinue if muscle pain / liver enzymes spike

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19
Q

azithromycin

A

macrolide, interferes with DNA synthesis
bronchitis, non gonococcal uti or STI
fewer GI effects, less medication needed
safer in pregnancy
this is a Zpak

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20
Q

atezolizumab

A

monoclonal antibody
Cancer - of lung
SE: HTN, alopecia, GI upset, pain, UTI,
INTERACTION: never with PPI

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21
Q

apixiban

A

blocks FXA - anti coagulant
CI: active bleeding, crCL <25, liver dz,
SE: bleeding gums, hemorrhage, liver damage, hematuria

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22
Q

atropine

A

muscarinic antagonist
emergency bronchodilation
SE: dry mouth tachycardia

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23
Q

benzoyl peroxide

A

oxidizing agent
acne rosacea - topical
SE: contact derm, photosensitivity , angioedema

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24
Q

bromocriptine

A

sympatholytic dopamine agonist - antidiabetic- CNS
Lowers blood glucose , tx parkinsons, prolactin blocker
CI: lactating, post partum, HTN uncontrolled, thiazide diuretics
SE: hypotension, ulcer, hallucination, thickening of pleura

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25
Q

bupropion

A

anti depressant
depression and smoking cessation
SE: increased risk of seizures, with dc of dependent substances
CI: eating disorders, seizure disorder, substance abuse discontinuation suddenly

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26
Q

buspirone

A

anti anxiety
CI: liver damage, kidney damage
SE: CHF

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27
Q

calcipotriol

A

synthetic vitamin D analog
psoriasis
CI: use on face, high calcium, vitamin D toxicity

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28
Q

caffeine

A

Stimulant, respiratory agent
SE: arrhythmias, palpitations, tachycardia,

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29
Q

canagliflozin

A

SGLT2 inhibitor
urinary glucose excretion in Diabetes
CI: dialysis, hypotension, liver damage
SE: UTI, polyuria, ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, bone fracture, necrotizing fascitis

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30
Q

cannabis

A

sedative, analgesic
opiod blockers

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31
Q

capsaicin

A
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32
Q

carbamazepine

A

anticonvulsant, analgesic for Trigeminal neuralgia, antimanic
CI: bone marrow depression, tricyclic sensititivity, MAOI use,
SE: arrythmias, hypotension, syncope, pancreatitis, liver damage, renal failure

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33
Q

carisoprodol

A

muscle relaxant
CI: intermittent porphyria
SE: dizziness, HA, seizure, substance abuse

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34
Q

carvedilol

A

alpha and beta adrenergic blocker
HTN, angina
CI: asthma, heart block, bradycardia, liver damage
SE: heart block, anemia, floppy iris, bronchospasm

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35
Q

ceftriaxone

A

bactericidal
gram positive and negative, beta lactamases
CI: cephalosporin allergy , CA, lactated ringers
SE: C. diff, hemolytic anemia, kidney failure, lung damage

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36
Q

cefuroxime

A

bactericidal
good if amoxicillin doesn’t work
2nd gen cephalosporin
SE: C. diff , vaginitis

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37
Q

ceftaroline

A

Cephalosporin
staph aureus and strep
SE: rash, diarrhea, C. Diff, hepatic levels rise, encephalopathy

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38
Q

celecoxib

A

NSAID, antiinflamatory , anti pyretic
CI: sulfonamide allergy
SE: MI, rash, high potasium, GI ulcer, hemorrhage, kidney damage, bronchospasm

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39
Q

cephalexin

A

bactericidal , cephalosporin
SE: diarrhea, C. Diff, seizure, renal failure, angioedema

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40
Q

ciprofloxacin

A

fluoroquinolone antibiotic
stops bacterial DNA formation
Wide spectrum: URI, UTI, bone infections, GI
SE: GI, seizures, achilles tendon rupture , stop growth plate development
NEVER IN KIDS UNDER 18

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41
Q

clarithromycin

A

macrolide, stops bacterial DNA formation
Bronchitis, urinary STI that is not gonorrhea
caution in pregnancy

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42
Q

clindamycin

A

lincosamide antibiotic
gram positive cocci alternative for penacillin
better absorbed more active

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43
Q

clonidine

A

alpha 2 central agonist in brain stem
HTN - used for rapid drop in BP over 4 hrs
relaxes vessels and renal system
TAPER OFF- can cause rebound HTN

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44
Q

clopidogrel

A

blocks TA2 adn PG2 in clotting cascade
For reducing risk of stroke, MI
SE: salicylism, GI bleed, tinnitus, rash, occult blood, tenderness to palpation

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45
Q

cocaine

A

local anesthetic , ester type
CI: vasoconstrictors
SE: HTN, CNS depression, MI, tachycardia, vasoconstriction
high risk of abuse

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46
Q

codeine

A

narcotic analgesic opiate agonist
antitussive, pain management
CI: <12yo, respiratory depression, asthma, MAOI, GI obstruction
SE: cardiac arrest, adrenal insufficiency, pancreatitis, serotonin syndrome, sweating, dizziness, SOB

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47
Q

colchicine

A

anti-inflammatory
gout
CI: p-glycoprotein, kidney or liver impairment
SE: myalgia, myelosuppression, diarrhea

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48
Q

cyclobenzaprine

A

muscle relaxant , targets brain stem
CI: post MI, arrhythmias, MAOI, CHF, heart block, hyperthyroidism
SE: dizziness, MI, dysrhythmia, bone marroe depression, hepatitis, serotonin syndrome

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49
Q

cyclosporine

A

immune suppressant , anti inflammatory
CI: eye infection , organ transplant
SE: high potassium and magnesium, liver toxicity, HTN, HA, gingival hyperplasia,

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50
Q

deferoxamine

A

heavy metal chelator
iron
CI: anuria, kidney disease
SE: anemia, heart problems, blurry vision, renal failur e

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51
Q

dexamethasone

A

adrenocortical steroid
CI: eye infection, glaucoma, fungal infection
SE: pancreatitis, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis,

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52
Q

dextroamphetamine

A

amphetamine
CI: heart /vascular dz, hyperthyroidism, glaucoma, drug abuse
HIGH RISK OF ABUSE
SE: MI, decreased body growth, seizure, mania,

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53
Q

dextromethorphan

A

cough suppressant
CI: MAOI
SE: dizziness, fatigue

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54
Q

DHEA

A

steroid hormone
Addisons disease
precursor to androgens and estrogens
CI: clotting disorders, hormone disorders, diabetes

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55
Q

Diazepam

A

anti anxiety, muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant, benzodiazepine
CI: acute narrow angle glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, <6month sold, sleep apnea, respiratory or hepatic insufficiency
HIGH RISK OF ABUSE, suicidality, nose bleeds altered taste HA, ataxia

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56
Q

dicyclomine

A

antispasmodic , anticholinergic for GI
IBS
CI: <6,months, lactating, glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, esophagitis, UC,
SE: paralytic ileus, syncope, sweating, seizure, SOB

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57
Q

digoxin

A

antiarrhythmic
CI: Vfib
SE: dysrhythmia, heart block, HA, nausea, vomiting

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58
Q

diphenhydramine

A

Antihistamine
blocks H 1 receptor
Allergic reactions from Type 1 response or insomnia
SE: DROWSINESS, nausea, seizures, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis
NEVER with CNS depressants or MAOI’s

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59
Q

DMPS

A

metal chelation, mercury, gold, arsenic

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60
Q

DMSA

A

heavy metal chelation

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61
Q

docusate

A

stool softening laxative
CI: obstruction in GI
SE: liver toxicity, diarrhea, cramping
NEVER WITH LICORICE

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62
Q

donepezil

A

cholinesterase inhibitor
alzheimers
SE: heart block , itching, GI pain, HA, spasm

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63
Q

doxorubicin

A

antineoplastic agent
leukemia
CI: myelosuprresion, recent MI, liver disease,
SE: nausea, alopecia, pancreatitis, cell abnormalities

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64
Q

doxycycline

A

antibiotic - tetracycline
stops bacterial protein synthesis
Gram positive and negative, chlamydia, lyme
acne- prophylaxis
SE: intracranial HTN, GI upset, rash, increased pigmentation,
NEVER IN PREGNANCY, <9YO, lactation

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65
Q

dulaglutide

A

GLP-1
CI: family hx of thyroid cancer
SE: abdominal pain, Nausea, thyroid cancer, pancreatitis, retinopathy, renal failure

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66
Q

edetate calcium disodium

A

lead chelation
CI: anuria, hepatitis, renal disease

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67
Q

epinephrine

A

Direct sympathomimetic - vasoconstriction of alpha1, vasodilate beta 2
Anaphylaxis,bronchoconstriction and local anesthesia
SE: cerebral hemorrhage, CVA, HTN, Vfib, shock , N/V, drowsiness
IV: 1:10,000 0.1-0.2mg/mL 2 ml every 5 minutes
IM 1:1,000 0.5-1mg/mL 1 ml
NOT IN CLOSED ANGLE GLAUCOMA

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68
Q

escitalopram

A

SSRI
Antidepressant , anti anxiety
CI: MAOI
SE: scuicidal thought, fatigue, dizziness, sweating, GI problems

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69
Q

esomeprazole

A

PPI
CCI: elderly, clopidogrel
SE: GI pain, constipation, AI trigger, fracture

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70
Q

estradiol

A

hormone
For: menopause, low estrogen, adrogen dep3endant prostate cancer,
CI: hx of stroke or MI, breast cancer, DVT, cancer, liver dz, pregnancy,
SE: MI, edema, wt gain, abdominal pain,HA, breast tenderness, DVT, dementia, cancer

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71
Q

estriol

A

form of estrogen,
vaginal atrophy/itching
not FDA approved

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72
Q

estrone

A

estrogen

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73
Q

exenatide

A

GLP-1
Diabetes
CI: hx of thyroid cancer
SE: GI upset, pancreatitis, renal failure, angioedema,

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74
Q

finasteride

A

5 alpha reductase inhibitor
For: BPH, alopecia, male fertility, derm
CI: pregnancy,
SE: abnormal ejaculation, breast tenderness, ED, reduced libido , prostate cancer breast cancer

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75
Q

fluconazole

A

antifungal
systemic kill
need breaks if using long term

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76
Q

fluoxetine

A

SRI, antidepressant
For: body dismorphia, bulimia, bipolar, depression, dythymia, anxiety, raynauds
CI: MAOI
SE: scuicidality, anxiety, influenza, dizziness, insomnia, loss of appetite

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77
Q

fluticasone

A

steroid
nasal or oral
once daily

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78
Q

furosemide

A

loop diuretic
For: edema, HTN
CI: anuria, liver cirrhosis
SE: photosensitivity, loss of appetite, hypotension, pancreatitis, ototoxicity

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79
Q

gabapentin

A

anticonvulsant , analgesic
For: withdrawl from alcohol, fibromyalgia, neuropathy, partial seizure, neuralgia
SE: edema, N, V, viral illness, ataxia, hypoglycemia, mood swings, scuicidal

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80
Q

gemfibrozil

A

antihyperlipidemic
For: familial hyperlipidemia
CI: simvastatin , gallbladder dz, kidney damage
SE: appendicitis, GI pain, indigestion, increase liver enzymes, myopathy,

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81
Q

glyburide

A

Sulfonylurea
diabetes
CI: ketoacidosis, type 1 diabetes , elderly
SE: wt gain, heartburn, Hypoglycemia, cholestatic jaundice

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82
Q

guaifenesin

A

expectorant
CI: <2yo, chornic persistant cough with underlying dz, MAOI
SE: nausea , vomiting,

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83
Q

haloperidol

A

butyrophenone antipsychotic / dopamine antagonist
For: alcohol withdrawl, tourettes, schizophrenia
CI: parkinsons , coma,
SE: hypotension, constipation, blurred vision, prolong QT, hyponatremia, priapism, paralytic ileus

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84
Q

heparin

A

inhibits clotting factors via AT3
prevention of DVT, Emboli, DIC
SE: hemorrhage, cutaneous necrosis, chills, fever, itching
Caution: menstruating female, liver dz, blood dz

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85
Q

heroin

A

opiod
SE: respiratory depression, pulmonary edema, asthma, alveolar hemorrhage

86
Q

HAV

A

INACTIVATED
CI: allergy to neomycin

87
Q

HBV

A

Recombinant vaccine
CI: yeast allergy
Safe in breast feeding

88
Q

HPV

A

minimum age 9yo
safe with immune compromise
CI: pregnancy

89
Q

hydrochlorothiazide

A

HCTZ or diuretic
-For HTN / Edema
-inhibits sodium and chloride reuptake in distal tubule to reduce GFR
-SE: low potassium, high calcium, high glucose, renal failure
NEVER IN SULFONAMIDE OR THIAZIDE INTOLERANCE

90
Q

hydrocodone

A

cough suppressant

91
Q

hydrocortisone

A

glucocorticoid
For:
CI: systemic fungal infection, ileocolostomy,
SE: HTN, fluid retention, wt gain, cushings, osteoporosis, glaucoma, TB

92
Q

hydroxychloroquine

A

antimalarial
malaria, amebiasis, sle ,ra
ci: g6pd deficiency, eye disease, long term use
SE: HA, dizziness, pruritis, seizures, retinal change, ototoxicity

93
Q

hydroxyzine

A

histamine antagonist, CNS, antianxiety 3
For: anxiety, allergies, nausea
CI: elderly, pregnancy, prolong QT

94
Q

ibuprofen

A

NSAID, analgesic, anti migraine
CI: aspirin allergy,
SE: HF, high potassium, GI perforation/bleed, aseptic meningitis, hearing loss, depression, renal failure , REYES SYNDROME

95
Q

insulin glargine

A

insulin- basal insulin once daily
DIABETES 1 AND2
CI: hypoglycemia
SE: infections, edema, breast cancer, nocturnal hypoglycemia

96
Q

insulin lispro

A

rapid acting insulin ( meal time insulin)
CI: hypoglycemia
SE:

97
Q

insulin regular

A

rapid acting insulin - meal time
SE: hypoglycemia, wt gain, hypokalemia

98
Q

interferon alpha

A

anti viral, antineoplastic , immunomodulating
For: chronic HBV, HCV, HDV, HPV, wet nile , aids

99
Q

interferon beta

A

immunomodulator
For:MS
SE: liver toxicity , CHF, depression,

100
Q

ipilimumab

A

monoclonal antibody
antineoplastic
Cancer of liver, lung, melanoma, colon

101
Q

ipatropium bromide

A

cholinergic antagonist / bronchodilator
FOR: COPD, asthma acute, nasal discharge
CI: atropine allergy
SE: bitter taste in mouth, bronchitis, MI, bronchospasm

102
Q

isoniazid

A

bactericidal/ anti TB
CI: liver dz,
SE: liver damage, neurotoxicity, hepatitis, SLE, muscle damage

103
Q

isotretinoin

A

retinoid/ antiacne
CI: vitamin A allergy , pregnancy
MUST BE ON CONTRACEPTIVE
SE: alopecia, dermatitis, elevated lipids, dry eyes, DVT, optic neuritis, hearing loss , bronchospasm

104
Q

ketamine

A

NMDA antagonist / analgesic, anesthetic
For: alcohol dependance
general anesthesia, pain, depression, epilepsy
CI: HTN,
SE: HTN, tachycardia, dysrhythmia, apnea, respiratory depression

105
Q

latanoprost

A

prostaglandin F2- alpha analogue
For: ocular HTN, open angle glaucoma
SE: blurred vision, burning, foreign body sensation hyperemia, iris color change, itching , bacterial keratitis

106
Q

levodopa/carbidopa

A

increase in dopamine
For: parkinsons
CI: narrow angle glaucoma, hx melanoma , MAOI
SE: B6 deficiency, nausea, dizziness, MI, melanoma, depression, hallucinations

107
Q

levonorgestrel

A

progestogen/ progestin
For: OCP, PLAN b
CI: liver disease, PID, endometriosis, breast cancer, fibroids, abnormal pap, pregnancy, UTI,
SE: acne, MI, breast cancer, cholecystitis, DVT , depression, cysts of ovary

108
Q

levothyroxine

A

T4
CI: MI, goiter, nodular thyroid disease, thyrotoxicosis
SE: palpitations, alopecia, sweating, weight loss, insomnia, anxiety, angina, SOB
Interactions: furosemide

109
Q

liothyronine

A

synthetic thyroid hormone
CI: adrenal cortical insufficiency , thyrotoxicosis
SE: arrythmia, MI, hyperthyroid, osteoporosis, slipped femoral epiphysis,

110
Q

liraglutide

A

GLP-1
Diabetes
CI: thyroid cancer, preganncy
SE: thyroid or breast cancer, gall bladder issues, renal failure, GI upset ,URI

111
Q

lisinopril

A

ACE inhibitor
HTN, heart failure
SE: dry persistent cough , tachycardia, rash, renal dysfunction, HA, high potassium
NEVER IN PREGNANCY

112
Q

lithium

A

antimanic
for bipolar
CI: cvd, diuretic, debilitation, dehydration, renal disease, sodium depletion
SE: hypothyroid, acne, bradycardia, diabetes, angioedema, coma, blurred vision, tinnitus, polyuria, fatigue, dizziness

113
Q

loperamide

A

slow GI transit
Anti diarrheal
CI: <2yo, GI pain, enterocolitis, or GI infection, acute dysentery, colitis, UC
SE: GI pain, nausea, vomiting, necrotizing enterocolitis in fetus , cardiac arrest

114
Q

loratadine

A

Antihistamine blocks H1 receptor
seasonal allergies
non sedating
NEVER USE WTIH erythromycin, ketoconazole, itraconazole- causes fatal arrythmia

115
Q

lugol solution

A

iodine solution

116
Q

mebendazole

A

broad spectrum anthelmintic
For: giardea, pinworms, hookworms, whipworms,
SE: GI pain, diarrhea, gas, N/V, hepatitis, seizure, angioedema

caution with high dose=necrolysis

117
Q

medroxy progesterone

A

OCP, antineoplastic
For: endometrial cancer, breast cancer, OCP, renal cell carcinoma
CI: DVT, MI, breast cancer, pregnancy, liver disease
SE: decreased bone density, sclerosis, weight change, abdominal pain, HA

118
Q

melatonin

A

Sleep aid, CNS
For: cancer, jet leg, insomnia
SE: hypothermia, HA, fatigue, angina , palpitations

119
Q

menningococcal vaccine

A

safe for everyone , dont give with cyclosporine
10+yo

120
Q

metformin

A

antidiabetic , stops liver glucose production
CI: ketoacidosis, coma, renal impairment
SE: B12 deficiency, diarrhea, gas, malabsorption, nausea, vomiting, HA , lactic acidosis

121
Q

methadone

A

synthetic opioid analgesic
For pain, substance abuse
CI: bronchial asthma, paralytic ileus, GI obstruction, respiratory depression
SE: Hypotension, sweating, constipation, prolonged QT, respiratory arrest, dizziness

122
Q

mesalazine

A

aminosalicylate
UC and crohns by reducing inflammation
take with steroid

123
Q

methotrexate

A

folate analgog
antineoplastic, antirheumatic
CI: alcoholism, liver disease, immunodeficiencies, pregnancy

124
Q

methylphenidate

A

amphetamine related CNS stimulant
For: ADHD
CI: MAOI, glaucoma, anxiety, tics, tourette
SE: raynauds, dermatitis, decreased growth, mania, dependance

125
Q

methylprednisolone

A

glucocorticoid , corticosteroid
CI: systemic fungal infection
SE: HTN, edema, cataract, CHF, pancreatitis, liver toxicity, glaucoma, psychotic disorder,

126
Q

metoclopramide

A

GI stimulant
For: GERD, gastroparesis
CI: epilepsy, hemorrhage, GI obstruction, pheochromocytoma
SE: edema, Nausea, vomiting, HA, tardive dyskinesia

127
Q

metoprolol

A

Beta 1 blocker
HTN, angina
SE: fatigue, vertigo, bradycardia, bronchospasm, CHF
NEVER with digitalis
TAPER

128
Q

metranidazole

A

antiprotozoal
inhibits DNA synthesis
Amoebas, trich, giardia
SE: GI distress, seizure, ataxia, rash, joint pain
DO NOT DRINK ALCOHOL , Potentiates p450 drugs

129
Q

misoprostol

A

Anti ulcer, prostaglandin
CI: pregnancy
SE: GI pain, diarrhea, arrythmia, hemorrhage, rupture of uterus

130
Q

MMR vaccine

A

live virus vaccine
CI: gelatin allergy, pregnant and 3 months after vaccination, immunosuppressants, immunodeficiency,
SE: pancreatitis, optic neuritis, seizure, arthralgia,

131
Q

modafinil

A

CNS amphetamine stimulant
For: narcolepsy, OSA, shift work
SE: Rash, nausea, HA, insomnia, anxiety, HTN, mania

132
Q

mometasone

A

corticosteroid, anti asthma
CI: milk protein sensitivity, acute asthma episode
SE: candida infection, HA, dysmenorrhea, nose bleed, cough, URI, dermatitis, bronchospasm

133
Q

montelukast

A

Respiratory agent SABA
For: asthma, allergic rhinitus
SE: HA, URI, insomnia, agitation, anxiety, scuicidal

134
Q

morphine

A

anesthetic, opiod, analgesic
CI: Respiratory depression, MAOI, GI obstruction,
SE: pruritus, constipation, nausea, dizizness, HA, miosis, urinary retention

135
Q

mupirocin

A

antibacterial
Impetigo
SE: burning at site, C.diff infection.

136
Q

naloxone

A

Opioid antagonist, antidote
For overdose
IV 0.4mg up to 2mg , Nasal 4mg every 3 minutes alternate sides
SE: abdominal pain, dizziness, HA, HTN, tachycardia, sweating, N/V

137
Q

naltrexone

A

Opioid antagonist for substance dependency
CI: opioid use, opiate withdrawal,
SE: GI pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, anxiety, dizziness, DVT, depression , hepatitis

138
Q

naproxen

A

NSAID
Pain
CI: aspirin allergy
SE: edema , GI pain, HA, tinnitus, ototoxicity, renal failure, bronchospasm

139
Q

nicotine patch

A

smoking cessation
SE: local skin reaction , HA, insomnia, vivid dreams,
CI: unstable angina, arrhythmias

140
Q

nitrofurantoin

A

antibiotic
CI: anuria, liver disfunction, labor, <1month old, 3rd trimester pregnancy, renal impairment
SE: hemolytic anemia, liver damage, neuropathy, pneumonia,

do not give with methotrexate or fluconazole

141
Q

nitroglycerin

A

Nitrate, vasodilator
For: angina, anal fissures
CI: allergy to corn, PDE5 inhibitors, MI, increased intracranial pressure, tamponade, anemia.
SE: hypotension, flushing, dizziness, HA,

142
Q

norelgesteromin/ ethyl patch

A

Contraceptive
CI: smoker over 35yo , DVT, coagulopathies, CARD, HTN, diabetes, liver disease, pregnanyc, breast cancer,
SE: GI pain, HA, migraine, mood swings, breast pain, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, HT, MI, DVT, pancreatitis

143
Q

norgesteromin ethyl oral

A

Contraceptive
Acne
SE: anxiety, change in vision , chest pain, constipation, dark urine, dizziness, HA, hives,

144
Q

ondansetron

A

Antiemetic for chemotherapy
CI: apomorphine use
SE: constipation, diarrhea, HA, Hypoxia, fatigue, abnormal ECG

145
Q

oseltamivir

A

Antiviral
For influenza
SE: arrhythmia, GI hemorrhage, HA, vomiting, nausea, seizure, delirium
DO NOT GIVE WITH WARFARIN

146
Q

oxycodone

A

opioid analgesic
CI: acute asthma, GI obstruction, respiratory depression

147
Q

oxymetazoline

A

decongestant, opthalmic agent
For: congestion, rosacea, ptosis
SE: dermatitis, pruritis, HA, insomnia, blurred vision, dry eyes, rebound congestion

148
Q

oxytocin

A

Pituitary hormone, uterine stimulant
CI: complicated preganncy, obstetric emergency, hypertonic uterus,
SE: nausea, vomiting, arrythmia, water intoxication syndrome, jaundice, retinal hemorrhage, hematoma, death

149
Q

paclitaxel

A

antineoplastic
AIDS, breast cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, ovarian,
CI: neutrophills less than 1500cells,
SE: alopecia, diarrhea, anemia, arthralgia, neuropathy, AFIB, GI perforation,

150
Q

pembrolizumab

A

monoclonal antibody
anti cancer: anal, bladder, cervical, colorectal, endometrial, esophageal, gastric, H/N, liver, melanoma, most camcers

151
Q

penicillamine

A

heavy metal antagonist
wilsons disease - binds extra copper
CI: breastfeeding, rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy
SE: rash, diarrhea, pancreatitis, liver damage, myasthenia gravis, optic neuritis, goodpastures

152
Q

penicillin

A

Antibiotic
Erysipelas, skin infection, otitis media, URI,
SE: hairy tongue, diarrhea, GI pain, N/V

153
Q

pentoxifylline

A

xanthine, hemorheologic
FOr: CHF, vascular disorders, diabetes
CI: cerebral hemorrhage, retinal hemorrhage
SE: N/V, angina, anemia, jaundice,

154
Q

permethrin

A

Scabicide
For lice and scabies
SE: swelling of heart, erythema, pruritis, rash, tinging, burning sensation.
SAFE IN BREAST FEEDING

155
Q

phenazopyradine

A

urinary analgesic
dysuria
CI: renal insufficiency
SE: hemolytic anemia, liver toxicity, renal toxicity, HA

156
Q

phenelazine

A

antidepressant, MAOI
For depression and bulimia
CI: use with other MAOI, SSRI, bupropion, buspirone, CNS depressants, sympathomimetics, CHF, liver dz, pheochromocytoma
SE: GI pain, liver damage, HA, ED, fatigue, seizure, suicidal, edema of glottis

157
Q

phenytoin

A

anticonvulsant
CI: liver disease,
SE: rash, constipation, confusion, cardiac arrest, liver damage, suicidal thoughts, renal damage

158
Q

phenterimine

A

Antiobesity / appetite suppressant
CI: CVD, MAOI use, drug abuse, glaucoma, hyperthyroidism, nursing or lactating, pregnancy
SE: xerostomia, insomnia, ischemia, psychotic disorder, HTN

159
Q

phenylephrine

A

sympathomimetic
FOr: glaucoma, hypotension, nasal congestion,
CI: narrow angle glaucoma, arteriosclerosis, HTN, peds, ventricular tachy
SE: angina, MI, necrosis, abdominal angina, pulmonary edema

160
Q

pioglitazone

A

thiazolindinedione
antidiabetic agent
CI: HF
SE: edema, wt increase, fracture, CHF, bladder cancer

161
Q

pneumococcal vaccine

A

everyone

162
Q

polio vaccine

A
163
Q

potassium chloride

A

electrolyte
CI: GI block
SE: diarrhea, Nausea, vomiting, cardiac arrest, hyperkalemia , ulcer

164
Q

PPD skin test

A

For latent TB infection
INTRADERMAL

165
Q

pramipexole

A

dopamine agonist
for parkinsons, and restless leg
SE: hypotension, constipation, confusion , amnesia, HA, hallucinations, melanoma, HF

166
Q

prednisolone

A

corticosteroid
CI: systemic fungal infections 3
SE: same as all steroid s

167
Q

prednisone

A

corticosteroid
SE: same as all steroids

168
Q

pregabalin

A

anticonvulsant, pain agent
SE: edema, increased appetite, nausea, constipation, dizziness, diplopia, nasopharyngitis, jaundice, blurred vision, suicidal

169
Q

pregnenolone

A

For : back pain, bipolar, schixophrenia,
steroid

170
Q

prochlorperazine

A

antiemetic, CNS
CI: children <2yo, coma, peds surgery, substance abuse
SE: Prolonged QT, tardive dyskinesia,

171
Q

progesterone micronized

A

contraceptive, HRT
CI: peanut allergy, DVT, breast cancer, ectopic pregnancy, genital cancer, live disease, pregnancy,
SE: DVT, breast cancer, dementia, emobli, cancer

172
Q

propranolol

A

Beta 1 and 2 blocker
HTN, angina, arrythmias, migraines essential tremors
SE: fatigue, bradycardia, hypotension, N/V, CHF
ALWAYS TAPER

173
Q

propylthiouracil

A

thionamide
thyrotoxicosis from graves, thyroid storm
SE: Rash, vasculitis, hepatotoxicity, nephritis

174
Q

pseudophedrine

A

decongestant
cold and congestion s
CI: CAD, HTN, MAOI
SE: HTN, tachyarrythmia, insomnia, anxiety, AFIB.

175
Q

raloxifene

A

antineoplastic
selective estrogen receptor modulator
CI: nursing moms, DVT, pregnancy
SE: hot sweats, leg cramps, DVT, embolism

176
Q

RGE vaccine

A
177
Q

rifamipin

A

anti TB
Tb
GIVE WITH B-6
hepatotoxic

178
Q

risperidone

A

antispychotic
SE: prolonged QT, pancreatitis, ketoacidosis, pneumonia, angioedema

179
Q

rivastigimine

A

cholinesterase inhibitor
alzheimers, dementia
SE: seizure, pneumonia, dehydration, UTI, falls

180
Q

salmeterol

A

LABA
asthma
increased risk of asthma related death

181
Q

selenium sulfide

A

antiseborrheic
dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis
SE: skin irritation

182
Q

sildenafil

A

ED agent, anti HTN
CI: Not with HIV meds,
SE: HA, visual disturbance, bleeding nose, MI, decreased hearing, priapism

183
Q

sitagliptin

A

dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor
diabetes
SE: pancreatic cancer, arthralgia, renal damage, HA , hypoglycemia

184
Q

sodium phosphate enema

A

for fecal impaction

185
Q

spironolactone

A

aldosterone antagonist
HTN, Edema, PCOS
SE: high potassium, breast diformity

186
Q

sucralfate

A

anti ulcer
FOr: GI
SE: aluminum poisoning, hyperglycemia, constipation

187
Q

sulfasalazine

A

Sulfonamide, salicylate
For:US and colitis,RA
CI: obstruction of urinary or GI
SE: myocarditis, liver damage, kidney damage, SLE, pneumonia, sepsis

188
Q

sumatriptan

A

serotonin receptor agonist
CI: arrythmias, MAOI, basilar migraine, TIA, ischemic bowel, CAD, liver disease
SE: blindness, hemorrhage, CAD , dizziness,

189
Q

tamoxifen

A

antineoplastic
antiestrogen
breast cancer
CI: coumarins, anticoagulants, DVT, embolus
SE: breast cancer, DVT, liver damage, cataract, pneumonia

190
Q

tamsulosin

A

andrenergic blocker
BPH
SE: infection, dizziness, HA, rhinitis, retinal detachment

191
Q

tdap vs DTAP

A
192
Q

terbinafine

A

antifungal
topical and oral
mainly onychomycosis of nails

193
Q

testosterone

A

Androgen
CI: breast cancer, pregnancy, prostate cancer,
SE: acne, gynecomastia, HA, URI, MI, DVT, liver damage, BPH, emboli, aggression

194
Q

tiotropium bromide

A

anticholinergic bronchodilator
maintenance of bronchospasm in COPD and asthma
SE: arrhythmias, palpitations, anxiety, nausea
NOT FOR SINGLE USE

195
Q

tofacitinib

A
196
Q

tolterodine

A
197
Q

thyroid USP

A
198
Q

trastuzumab

A
199
Q

trazadone

A

serotonin antagonist
For: anxiety, depression, aggression, eating disorders, dementia
SE: sedating, hypotension,
ci: mI, seizure, pregnancy - bupropione, buspirone, dextromethorphan, MAOIS, TCAS,

200
Q

triamcinolone

A
201
Q

trimethorprim sulfamethoxasole

A
202
Q

triple antibiotic

A
203
Q

valacyclovir

A

antiviral, stops replication
HSV1 and 2, varicella, herpes, encephalitis
SE: nausea, rash

204
Q

valsartan

A

HTN for those with ACE intolerance
SE: renal dysfunction, high potassium, hypotension

205
Q

varenicline

A

smoking cessation agent,
SE: GI, N/V, dream disorder, insomnia, cough, throat irritation, MI, night blindness, depression
DONT give with bupropion

206
Q

varicella vaccine

A

Live vaccine,
1+ yo
2 doses
NOT IF IMMUNOSUPPRESSED, corticosteroids, preganncy

207
Q

venlafaxine

A
208
Q

warfarin

A

blocks vitamin K and factors 2,7,9,10
For: thrombosis, rheumatic heart disease, emboli, ischemic heart disease
SE: prolonged bleeding, hemorrhage, rash, fever, diarrhea
Monitor PTT

209
Q

zidovudine

A

iv OR oral reverse transcriptase inhibitor/ anti viral
HIV
SE: hemotologic toxicity, liver damage

210
Q

zolpidem

A
211
Q

zoster vaccine

A

NPLEX2 review of modalities (7 decks)

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