pharmacology new deck Flashcards
5-Flurorouracil
Pyrimidine antagonist
For : cancer of colon, rectum, breast, stomach, pancreas
SE: HF, arrhythmias, angina , MI , vomiting, alopecia, dermatitis
Interacts: anticoagulants
acetaminophen
for pain and fever
CI: liver disease
adalimumab
TNF alpha blocker , monoclonal antibody
For: rheumatic conditions
SE: increased risk of infection, may worsen heart failure, reactivate TB , HA , sinusitis
Interacts with : cyclosporine , warfarin
albuterol
beta adrenergic agonist
For asthma, acute response
SE: tachycardia, nausea, palpitations, HA, tremor, UTI
Interactions: beta blockers, CNS stimulants
alendronate
Bisphosphonate
Osteoporosis
CI: hypocalcemia, immobility, parathyroid hormone
Must correct calcium and vitamin D before starting
SE: osteonecrosis of jaw, esophageal damage, HF
allopurinol
xanthine oxidase inhibitor
Prevents gout and stone formation
caution with warfarin and anti cancer drugs
alprazolam
benzodiazepine/ CNS
For: anxiety, and panic
CI: acute narrow angle glaucoma
CYP3A inhibitors, beers criteria , liver disease
DO NOT GIVE WITH ANTIFUNGALS
amantadine
Anticholinergic, anti infective
For: parkinsons, viral infections,
SE: suicidality, hypotension, constipation, dizziness,
amiodarone
class 3 anti arrhythmic - lengthens cardiac AP
Emergency use only - most don’t tolerate it
CI: iodine allergy, bradycardia, heart block
SE: arrhythmia, bradycardia, heart block, LUNG AND LIVER TOXICITY
amitriptyline
Tricyclic antidepressant
CI: MAOI , MI recently
SE: wt gain, blurred vision, arrhythmias, MI, bone marrow depression, suicidality, mania
amlodipine
calcium channel blocker
HTN, angina
SE: dizziness, CHF, edema, HA, weakness, nausea
capsules are passed in stool
amoxicillin
antibiotic
inhibits cell wall
some gram positive and negative - dental prophylaxis
not against beta lactimase unless mixed with clavulanate
anastrozole
aromatase inhibitor
breast cancer in menopause
SE: elevated cholesterol, decrease bone density, DVT, chest pain
aripiprazole
ANTISPYCHOTIC / CNS
SE: hyperglycemia, pancreatitis, agranulocytosis , scuicidality, angioedema
aspirin
blocks TA2, PG2 in clotting cascade
Reduces risk of stroke, MI
SE: GI bleed, tinnitus, rash, occult blood
atenolol
Beta 1 blocker
HTN, angina
SE: fatigue, vertigo, bradycardia, bronchospasm, CHF
NEVER WITH digitalis
TAPER
atomoxetine
SNRI /CNS
ADHD
CI: narrow angle glaucoma, pheochromocytoma, severe cardiac disease
SE: increased BP, liver failure, mania, suicidality priapism
atorvastatin
Lipid lowering via HMGcoA reductase
-monitor liver: ALT, AST at start and 6wks
-give with CoQ10 atleast 100mg
-discontinue if muscle pain / liver enzymes spike
azithromycin
macrolide, interferes with DNA synthesis
bronchitis, non gonococcal uti or STI
fewer GI effects, less medication needed
safer in pregnancy
this is a Zpak
atezolizumab
monoclonal antibody
Cancer - of lung
SE: HTN, alopecia, GI upset, pain, UTI,
INTERACTION: never with PPI
apixiban
blocks FXA - anti coagulant
CI: active bleeding, crCL <25, liver dz,
SE: bleeding gums, hemorrhage, liver damage, hematuria
atropine
muscarinic antagonist
emergency bronchodilation
SE: dry mouth tachycardia
benzoyl peroxide
oxidizing agent
acne rosacea - topical
SE: contact derm, photosensitivity , angioedema
bromocriptine
sympatholytic dopamine agonist - antidiabetic- CNS
Lowers blood glucose , tx parkinsons, prolactin blocker
CI: lactating, post partum, HTN uncontrolled, thiazide diuretics
SE: hypotension, ulcer, hallucination, thickening of pleura
bupropion
anti depressant
depression and smoking cessation
SE: increased risk of seizures, with dc of dependent substances
CI: eating disorders, seizure disorder, substance abuse discontinuation suddenly
buspirone
anti anxiety
CI: liver damage, kidney damage
SE: CHF
calcipotriol
synthetic vitamin D analog
psoriasis
CI: use on face, high calcium, vitamin D toxicity
caffeine
Stimulant, respiratory agent
SE: arrhythmias, palpitations, tachycardia,
canagliflozin
SGLT2 inhibitor
urinary glucose excretion in Diabetes
CI: dialysis, hypotension, liver damage
SE: UTI, polyuria, ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, bone fracture, necrotizing fascitis
cannabis
sedative, analgesic
opiod blockers
capsaicin
carbamazepine
anticonvulsant, analgesic for Trigeminal neuralgia, antimanic
CI: bone marrow depression, tricyclic sensititivity, MAOI use,
SE: arrythmias, hypotension, syncope, pancreatitis, liver damage, renal failure
carisoprodol
muscle relaxant
CI: intermittent porphyria
SE: dizziness, HA, seizure, substance abuse
carvedilol
alpha and beta adrenergic blocker
HTN, angina
CI: asthma, heart block, bradycardia, liver damage
SE: heart block, anemia, floppy iris, bronchospasm
ceftriaxone
bactericidal
gram positive and negative, beta lactamases
CI: cephalosporin allergy , CA, lactated ringers
SE: C. diff, hemolytic anemia, kidney failure, lung damage
cefuroxime
bactericidal
good if amoxicillin doesn’t work
2nd gen cephalosporin
SE: C. diff , vaginitis
ceftaroline
Cephalosporin
staph aureus and strep
SE: rash, diarrhea, C. Diff, hepatic levels rise, encephalopathy
celecoxib
NSAID, antiinflamatory , anti pyretic
CI: sulfonamide allergy
SE: MI, rash, high potasium, GI ulcer, hemorrhage, kidney damage, bronchospasm
cephalexin
bactericidal , cephalosporin
SE: diarrhea, C. Diff, seizure, renal failure, angioedema
ciprofloxacin
fluoroquinolone antibiotic
stops bacterial DNA formation
Wide spectrum: URI, UTI, bone infections, GI
SE: GI, seizures, achilles tendon rupture , stop growth plate development
NEVER IN KIDS UNDER 18
clarithromycin
macrolide, stops bacterial DNA formation
Bronchitis, urinary STI that is not gonorrhea
caution in pregnancy
clindamycin
lincosamide antibiotic
gram positive cocci alternative for penacillin
better absorbed more active
clonidine
alpha 2 central agonist in brain stem
HTN - used for rapid drop in BP over 4 hrs
relaxes vessels and renal system
TAPER OFF- can cause rebound HTN
clopidogrel
blocks TA2 adn PG2 in clotting cascade
For reducing risk of stroke, MI
SE: salicylism, GI bleed, tinnitus, rash, occult blood, tenderness to palpation
cocaine
local anesthetic , ester type
CI: vasoconstrictors
SE: HTN, CNS depression, MI, tachycardia, vasoconstriction
high risk of abuse
codeine
narcotic analgesic opiate agonist
antitussive, pain management
CI: <12yo, respiratory depression, asthma, MAOI, GI obstruction
SE: cardiac arrest, adrenal insufficiency, pancreatitis, serotonin syndrome, sweating, dizziness, SOB
colchicine
anti-inflammatory
gout
CI: p-glycoprotein, kidney or liver impairment
SE: myalgia, myelosuppression, diarrhea
cyclobenzaprine
muscle relaxant , targets brain stem
CI: post MI, arrhythmias, MAOI, CHF, heart block, hyperthyroidism
SE: dizziness, MI, dysrhythmia, bone marroe depression, hepatitis, serotonin syndrome
cyclosporine
immune suppressant , anti inflammatory
CI: eye infection , organ transplant
SE: high potassium and magnesium, liver toxicity, HTN, HA, gingival hyperplasia,
deferoxamine
heavy metal chelator
iron
CI: anuria, kidney disease
SE: anemia, heart problems, blurry vision, renal failur e
dexamethasone
adrenocortical steroid
CI: eye infection, glaucoma, fungal infection
SE: pancreatitis, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis,
dextroamphetamine
amphetamine
CI: heart /vascular dz, hyperthyroidism, glaucoma, drug abuse
HIGH RISK OF ABUSE
SE: MI, decreased body growth, seizure, mania,
dextromethorphan
cough suppressant
CI: MAOI
SE: dizziness, fatigue
DHEA
steroid hormone
Addisons disease
precursor to androgens and estrogens
CI: clotting disorders, hormone disorders, diabetes
Diazepam
anti anxiety, muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant, benzodiazepine
CI: acute narrow angle glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, <6month sold, sleep apnea, respiratory or hepatic insufficiency
HIGH RISK OF ABUSE, suicidality, nose bleeds altered taste HA, ataxia
dicyclomine
antispasmodic , anticholinergic for GI
IBS
CI: <6,months, lactating, glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, esophagitis, UC,
SE: paralytic ileus, syncope, sweating, seizure, SOB
digoxin
antiarrhythmic
CI: Vfib
SE: dysrhythmia, heart block, HA, nausea, vomiting
diphenhydramine
Antihistamine
blocks H 1 receptor
Allergic reactions from Type 1 response or insomnia
SE: DROWSINESS, nausea, seizures, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis
NEVER with CNS depressants or MAOI’s
DMPS
metal chelation, mercury, gold, arsenic
DMSA
heavy metal chelation
docusate
stool softening laxative
CI: obstruction in GI
SE: liver toxicity, diarrhea, cramping
NEVER WITH LICORICE
donepezil
cholinesterase inhibitor
alzheimers
SE: heart block , itching, GI pain, HA, spasm
doxorubicin
antineoplastic agent
leukemia
CI: myelosuprresion, recent MI, liver disease,
SE: nausea, alopecia, pancreatitis, cell abnormalities
doxycycline
antibiotic - tetracycline
stops bacterial protein synthesis
Gram positive and negative, chlamydia, lyme
acne- prophylaxis
SE: intracranial HTN, GI upset, rash, increased pigmentation,
NEVER IN PREGNANCY, <9YO, lactation
dulaglutide
GLP-1
CI: family hx of thyroid cancer
SE: abdominal pain, Nausea, thyroid cancer, pancreatitis, retinopathy, renal failure
edetate calcium disodium
lead chelation
CI: anuria, hepatitis, renal disease
epinephrine
Direct sympathomimetic - vasoconstriction of alpha1, vasodilate beta 2
Anaphylaxis,bronchoconstriction and local anesthesia
SE: cerebral hemorrhage, CVA, HTN, Vfib, shock , N/V, drowsiness
IV: 1:10,000 0.1-0.2mg/mL 2 ml every 5 minutes
IM 1:1,000 0.5-1mg/mL 1 ml
NOT IN CLOSED ANGLE GLAUCOMA
escitalopram
SSRI
Antidepressant , anti anxiety
CI: MAOI
SE: scuicidal thought, fatigue, dizziness, sweating, GI problems
esomeprazole
PPI
CCI: elderly, clopidogrel
SE: GI pain, constipation, AI trigger, fracture
estradiol
hormone
For: menopause, low estrogen, adrogen dep3endant prostate cancer,
CI: hx of stroke or MI, breast cancer, DVT, cancer, liver dz, pregnancy,
SE: MI, edema, wt gain, abdominal pain,HA, breast tenderness, DVT, dementia, cancer
estriol
form of estrogen,
vaginal atrophy/itching
not FDA approved
estrone
estrogen
exenatide
GLP-1
Diabetes
CI: hx of thyroid cancer
SE: GI upset, pancreatitis, renal failure, angioedema,
finasteride
5 alpha reductase inhibitor
For: BPH, alopecia, male fertility, derm
CI: pregnancy,
SE: abnormal ejaculation, breast tenderness, ED, reduced libido , prostate cancer breast cancer
fluconazole
antifungal
systemic kill
need breaks if using long term
fluoxetine
SRI, antidepressant
For: body dismorphia, bulimia, bipolar, depression, dythymia, anxiety, raynauds
CI: MAOI
SE: scuicidality, anxiety, influenza, dizziness, insomnia, loss of appetite
fluticasone
steroid
nasal or oral
once daily
furosemide
loop diuretic
For: edema, HTN
CI: anuria, liver cirrhosis
SE: photosensitivity, loss of appetite, hypotension, pancreatitis, ototoxicity
gabapentin
anticonvulsant , analgesic
For: withdrawl from alcohol, fibromyalgia, neuropathy, partial seizure, neuralgia
SE: edema, N, V, viral illness, ataxia, hypoglycemia, mood swings, scuicidal
gemfibrozil
antihyperlipidemic
For: familial hyperlipidemia
CI: simvastatin , gallbladder dz, kidney damage
SE: appendicitis, GI pain, indigestion, increase liver enzymes, myopathy,
glyburide
Sulfonylurea
diabetes
CI: ketoacidosis, type 1 diabetes , elderly
SE: wt gain, heartburn, Hypoglycemia, cholestatic jaundice
guaifenesin
expectorant
CI: <2yo, chornic persistant cough with underlying dz, MAOI
SE: nausea , vomiting,
haloperidol
butyrophenone antipsychotic / dopamine antagonist
For: alcohol withdrawl, tourettes, schizophrenia
CI: parkinsons , coma,
SE: hypotension, constipation, blurred vision, prolong QT, hyponatremia, priapism, paralytic ileus
heparin
inhibits clotting factors via AT3
prevention of DVT, Emboli, DIC
SE: hemorrhage, cutaneous necrosis, chills, fever, itching
Caution: menstruating female, liver dz, blood dz
heroin
opiod
SE: respiratory depression, pulmonary edema, asthma, alveolar hemorrhage
HAV
INACTIVATED
CI: allergy to neomycin
HBV
Recombinant vaccine
CI: yeast allergy
Safe in breast feeding
HPV
minimum age 9yo
safe with immune compromise
CI: pregnancy
hydrochlorothiazide
HCTZ or diuretic
-For HTN / Edema
-inhibits sodium and chloride reuptake in distal tubule to reduce GFR
-SE: low potassium, high calcium, high glucose, renal failure
NEVER IN SULFONAMIDE OR THIAZIDE INTOLERANCE
hydrocodone
cough suppressant
hydrocortisone
glucocorticoid
For:
CI: systemic fungal infection, ileocolostomy,
SE: HTN, fluid retention, wt gain, cushings, osteoporosis, glaucoma, TB
hydroxychloroquine
antimalarial
malaria, amebiasis, sle ,ra
ci: g6pd deficiency, eye disease, long term use
SE: HA, dizziness, pruritis, seizures, retinal change, ototoxicity
hydroxyzine
histamine antagonist, CNS, antianxiety 3
For: anxiety, allergies, nausea
CI: elderly, pregnancy, prolong QT
ibuprofen
NSAID, analgesic, anti migraine
CI: aspirin allergy,
SE: HF, high potassium, GI perforation/bleed, aseptic meningitis, hearing loss, depression, renal failure , REYES SYNDROME
insulin glargine
insulin- basal insulin once daily
DIABETES 1 AND2
CI: hypoglycemia
SE: infections, edema, breast cancer, nocturnal hypoglycemia
insulin lispro
rapid acting insulin ( meal time insulin)
CI: hypoglycemia
SE:
insulin regular
rapid acting insulin - meal time
SE: hypoglycemia, wt gain, hypokalemia
interferon alpha
anti viral, antineoplastic , immunomodulating
For: chronic HBV, HCV, HDV, HPV, wet nile , aids
interferon beta
immunomodulator
For:MS
SE: liver toxicity , CHF, depression,
ipilimumab
monoclonal antibody
antineoplastic
Cancer of liver, lung, melanoma, colon
ipatropium bromide
cholinergic antagonist / bronchodilator
FOR: COPD, asthma acute, nasal discharge
CI: atropine allergy
SE: bitter taste in mouth, bronchitis, MI, bronchospasm
isoniazid
bactericidal/ anti TB
CI: liver dz,
SE: liver damage, neurotoxicity, hepatitis, SLE, muscle damage
isotretinoin
retinoid/ antiacne
CI: vitamin A allergy , pregnancy
MUST BE ON CONTRACEPTIVE
SE: alopecia, dermatitis, elevated lipids, dry eyes, DVT, optic neuritis, hearing loss , bronchospasm
ketamine
NMDA antagonist / analgesic, anesthetic
For: alcohol dependance
general anesthesia, pain, depression, epilepsy
CI: HTN,
SE: HTN, tachycardia, dysrhythmia, apnea, respiratory depression
latanoprost
prostaglandin F2- alpha analogue
For: ocular HTN, open angle glaucoma
SE: blurred vision, burning, foreign body sensation hyperemia, iris color change, itching , bacterial keratitis
levodopa/carbidopa
increase in dopamine
For: parkinsons
CI: narrow angle glaucoma, hx melanoma , MAOI
SE: B6 deficiency, nausea, dizziness, MI, melanoma, depression, hallucinations
levonorgestrel
progestogen/ progestin
For: OCP, PLAN b
CI: liver disease, PID, endometriosis, breast cancer, fibroids, abnormal pap, pregnancy, UTI,
SE: acne, MI, breast cancer, cholecystitis, DVT , depression, cysts of ovary
levothyroxine
T4
CI: MI, goiter, nodular thyroid disease, thyrotoxicosis
SE: palpitations, alopecia, sweating, weight loss, insomnia, anxiety, angina, SOB
Interactions: furosemide
liothyronine
synthetic thyroid hormone
CI: adrenal cortical insufficiency , thyrotoxicosis
SE: arrythmia, MI, hyperthyroid, osteoporosis, slipped femoral epiphysis,
liraglutide
GLP-1
Diabetes
CI: thyroid cancer, preganncy
SE: thyroid or breast cancer, gall bladder issues, renal failure, GI upset ,URI
lisinopril
ACE inhibitor
HTN, heart failure
SE: dry persistent cough , tachycardia, rash, renal dysfunction, HA, high potassium
NEVER IN PREGNANCY
lithium
antimanic
for bipolar
CI: cvd, diuretic, debilitation, dehydration, renal disease, sodium depletion
SE: hypothyroid, acne, bradycardia, diabetes, angioedema, coma, blurred vision, tinnitus, polyuria, fatigue, dizziness
loperamide
slow GI transit
Anti diarrheal
CI: <2yo, GI pain, enterocolitis, or GI infection, acute dysentery, colitis, UC
SE: GI pain, nausea, vomiting, necrotizing enterocolitis in fetus , cardiac arrest
loratadine
Antihistamine blocks H1 receptor
seasonal allergies
non sedating
NEVER USE WTIH erythromycin, ketoconazole, itraconazole- causes fatal arrythmia
lugol solution
iodine solution
mebendazole
broad spectrum anthelmintic
For: giardea, pinworms, hookworms, whipworms,
SE: GI pain, diarrhea, gas, N/V, hepatitis, seizure, angioedema
caution with high dose=necrolysis
medroxy progesterone
OCP, antineoplastic
For: endometrial cancer, breast cancer, OCP, renal cell carcinoma
CI: DVT, MI, breast cancer, pregnancy, liver disease
SE: decreased bone density, sclerosis, weight change, abdominal pain, HA
melatonin
Sleep aid, CNS
For: cancer, jet leg, insomnia
SE: hypothermia, HA, fatigue, angina , palpitations
menningococcal vaccine
safe for everyone , dont give with cyclosporine
10+yo
metformin
antidiabetic , stops liver glucose production
CI: ketoacidosis, coma, renal impairment
SE: B12 deficiency, diarrhea, gas, malabsorption, nausea, vomiting, HA , lactic acidosis
methadone
synthetic opioid analgesic
For pain, substance abuse
CI: bronchial asthma, paralytic ileus, GI obstruction, respiratory depression
SE: Hypotension, sweating, constipation, prolonged QT, respiratory arrest, dizziness
mesalazine
aminosalicylate
UC and crohns by reducing inflammation
take with steroid
methotrexate
folate analgog
antineoplastic, antirheumatic
CI: alcoholism, liver disease, immunodeficiencies, pregnancy
methylphenidate
amphetamine related CNS stimulant
For: ADHD
CI: MAOI, glaucoma, anxiety, tics, tourette
SE: raynauds, dermatitis, decreased growth, mania, dependance
methylprednisolone
glucocorticoid , corticosteroid
CI: systemic fungal infection
SE: HTN, edema, cataract, CHF, pancreatitis, liver toxicity, glaucoma, psychotic disorder,
metoclopramide
GI stimulant
For: GERD, gastroparesis
CI: epilepsy, hemorrhage, GI obstruction, pheochromocytoma
SE: edema, Nausea, vomiting, HA, tardive dyskinesia
metoprolol
Beta 1 blocker
HTN, angina
SE: fatigue, vertigo, bradycardia, bronchospasm, CHF
NEVER with digitalis
TAPER
metranidazole
antiprotozoal
inhibits DNA synthesis
Amoebas, trich, giardia
SE: GI distress, seizure, ataxia, rash, joint pain
DO NOT DRINK ALCOHOL , Potentiates p450 drugs
misoprostol
Anti ulcer, prostaglandin
CI: pregnancy
SE: GI pain, diarrhea, arrythmia, hemorrhage, rupture of uterus
MMR vaccine
live virus vaccine
CI: gelatin allergy, pregnant and 3 months after vaccination, immunosuppressants, immunodeficiency,
SE: pancreatitis, optic neuritis, seizure, arthralgia,
modafinil
CNS amphetamine stimulant
For: narcolepsy, OSA, shift work
SE: Rash, nausea, HA, insomnia, anxiety, HTN, mania
mometasone
corticosteroid, anti asthma
CI: milk protein sensitivity, acute asthma episode
SE: candida infection, HA, dysmenorrhea, nose bleed, cough, URI, dermatitis, bronchospasm
montelukast
Respiratory agent SABA
For: asthma, allergic rhinitus
SE: HA, URI, insomnia, agitation, anxiety, scuicidal
morphine
anesthetic, opiod, analgesic
CI: Respiratory depression, MAOI, GI obstruction,
SE: pruritus, constipation, nausea, dizizness, HA, miosis, urinary retention
mupirocin
antibacterial
Impetigo
SE: burning at site, C.diff infection.
naloxone
Opioid antagonist, antidote
For overdose
IV 0.4mg up to 2mg , Nasal 4mg every 3 minutes alternate sides
SE: abdominal pain, dizziness, HA, HTN, tachycardia, sweating, N/V
naltrexone
Opioid antagonist for substance dependency
CI: opioid use, opiate withdrawal,
SE: GI pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, anxiety, dizziness, DVT, depression , hepatitis
naproxen
NSAID
Pain
CI: aspirin allergy
SE: edema , GI pain, HA, tinnitus, ototoxicity, renal failure, bronchospasm
nicotine patch
smoking cessation
SE: local skin reaction , HA, insomnia, vivid dreams,
CI: unstable angina, arrhythmias
nitrofurantoin
antibiotic
CI: anuria, liver disfunction, labor, <1month old, 3rd trimester pregnancy, renal impairment
SE: hemolytic anemia, liver damage, neuropathy, pneumonia,
do not give with methotrexate or fluconazole
nitroglycerin
Nitrate, vasodilator
For: angina, anal fissures
CI: allergy to corn, PDE5 inhibitors, MI, increased intracranial pressure, tamponade, anemia.
SE: hypotension, flushing, dizziness, HA,
norelgesteromin/ ethyl patch
Contraceptive
CI: smoker over 35yo , DVT, coagulopathies, CARD, HTN, diabetes, liver disease, pregnanyc, breast cancer,
SE: GI pain, HA, migraine, mood swings, breast pain, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, HT, MI, DVT, pancreatitis
norgesteromin ethyl oral
Contraceptive
Acne
SE: anxiety, change in vision , chest pain, constipation, dark urine, dizziness, HA, hives,
ondansetron
Antiemetic for chemotherapy
CI: apomorphine use
SE: constipation, diarrhea, HA, Hypoxia, fatigue, abnormal ECG
oseltamivir
Antiviral
For influenza
SE: arrhythmia, GI hemorrhage, HA, vomiting, nausea, seizure, delirium
DO NOT GIVE WITH WARFARIN
oxycodone
opioid analgesic
CI: acute asthma, GI obstruction, respiratory depression
oxymetazoline
decongestant, opthalmic agent
For: congestion, rosacea, ptosis
SE: dermatitis, pruritis, HA, insomnia, blurred vision, dry eyes, rebound congestion
oxytocin
Pituitary hormone, uterine stimulant
CI: complicated preganncy, obstetric emergency, hypertonic uterus,
SE: nausea, vomiting, arrythmia, water intoxication syndrome, jaundice, retinal hemorrhage, hematoma, death
paclitaxel
antineoplastic
AIDS, breast cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, ovarian,
CI: neutrophills less than 1500cells,
SE: alopecia, diarrhea, anemia, arthralgia, neuropathy, AFIB, GI perforation,
pembrolizumab
monoclonal antibody
anti cancer: anal, bladder, cervical, colorectal, endometrial, esophageal, gastric, H/N, liver, melanoma, most camcers
penicillamine
heavy metal antagonist
wilsons disease - binds extra copper
CI: breastfeeding, rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy
SE: rash, diarrhea, pancreatitis, liver damage, myasthenia gravis, optic neuritis, goodpastures
penicillin
Antibiotic
Erysipelas, skin infection, otitis media, URI,
SE: hairy tongue, diarrhea, GI pain, N/V
pentoxifylline
xanthine, hemorheologic
FOr: CHF, vascular disorders, diabetes
CI: cerebral hemorrhage, retinal hemorrhage
SE: N/V, angina, anemia, jaundice,
permethrin
Scabicide
For lice and scabies
SE: swelling of heart, erythema, pruritis, rash, tinging, burning sensation.
SAFE IN BREAST FEEDING
phenazopyradine
urinary analgesic
dysuria
CI: renal insufficiency
SE: hemolytic anemia, liver toxicity, renal toxicity, HA
phenelazine
antidepressant, MAOI
For depression and bulimia
CI: use with other MAOI, SSRI, bupropion, buspirone, CNS depressants, sympathomimetics, CHF, liver dz, pheochromocytoma
SE: GI pain, liver damage, HA, ED, fatigue, seizure, suicidal, edema of glottis
phenytoin
anticonvulsant
CI: liver disease,
SE: rash, constipation, confusion, cardiac arrest, liver damage, suicidal thoughts, renal damage
phenterimine
Antiobesity / appetite suppressant
CI: CVD, MAOI use, drug abuse, glaucoma, hyperthyroidism, nursing or lactating, pregnancy
SE: xerostomia, insomnia, ischemia, psychotic disorder, HTN
phenylephrine
sympathomimetic
FOr: glaucoma, hypotension, nasal congestion,
CI: narrow angle glaucoma, arteriosclerosis, HTN, peds, ventricular tachy
SE: angina, MI, necrosis, abdominal angina, pulmonary edema
pioglitazone
thiazolindinedione
antidiabetic agent
CI: HF
SE: edema, wt increase, fracture, CHF, bladder cancer
pneumococcal vaccine
everyone
polio vaccine
potassium chloride
electrolyte
CI: GI block
SE: diarrhea, Nausea, vomiting, cardiac arrest, hyperkalemia , ulcer
PPD skin test
For latent TB infection
INTRADERMAL
pramipexole
dopamine agonist
for parkinsons, and restless leg
SE: hypotension, constipation, confusion , amnesia, HA, hallucinations, melanoma, HF
prednisolone
corticosteroid
CI: systemic fungal infections 3
SE: same as all steroid s
prednisone
corticosteroid
SE: same as all steroids
pregabalin
anticonvulsant, pain agent
SE: edema, increased appetite, nausea, constipation, dizziness, diplopia, nasopharyngitis, jaundice, blurred vision, suicidal
pregnenolone
For : back pain, bipolar, schixophrenia,
steroid
prochlorperazine
antiemetic, CNS
CI: children <2yo, coma, peds surgery, substance abuse
SE: Prolonged QT, tardive dyskinesia,
progesterone micronized
contraceptive, HRT
CI: peanut allergy, DVT, breast cancer, ectopic pregnancy, genital cancer, live disease, pregnancy,
SE: DVT, breast cancer, dementia, emobli, cancer
propranolol
Beta 1 and 2 blocker
HTN, angina, arrythmias, migraines essential tremors
SE: fatigue, bradycardia, hypotension, N/V, CHF
ALWAYS TAPER
propylthiouracil
thionamide
thyrotoxicosis from graves, thyroid storm
SE: Rash, vasculitis, hepatotoxicity, nephritis
pseudophedrine
decongestant
cold and congestion s
CI: CAD, HTN, MAOI
SE: HTN, tachyarrythmia, insomnia, anxiety, AFIB.
raloxifene
antineoplastic
selective estrogen receptor modulator
CI: nursing moms, DVT, pregnancy
SE: hot sweats, leg cramps, DVT, embolism
RGE vaccine
rifamipin
anti TB
Tb
GIVE WITH B-6
hepatotoxic
risperidone
antispychotic
SE: prolonged QT, pancreatitis, ketoacidosis, pneumonia, angioedema
rivastigimine
cholinesterase inhibitor
alzheimers, dementia
SE: seizure, pneumonia, dehydration, UTI, falls
salmeterol
LABA
asthma
increased risk of asthma related death
selenium sulfide
antiseborrheic
dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis
SE: skin irritation
sildenafil
ED agent, anti HTN
CI: Not with HIV meds,
SE: HA, visual disturbance, bleeding nose, MI, decreased hearing, priapism
sitagliptin
dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor
diabetes
SE: pancreatic cancer, arthralgia, renal damage, HA , hypoglycemia
sodium phosphate enema
for fecal impaction
spironolactone
aldosterone antagonist
HTN, Edema, PCOS
SE: high potassium, breast diformity
sucralfate
anti ulcer
FOr: GI
SE: aluminum poisoning, hyperglycemia, constipation
sulfasalazine
Sulfonamide, salicylate
For:US and colitis,RA
CI: obstruction of urinary or GI
SE: myocarditis, liver damage, kidney damage, SLE, pneumonia, sepsis
sumatriptan
serotonin receptor agonist
CI: arrythmias, MAOI, basilar migraine, TIA, ischemic bowel, CAD, liver disease
SE: blindness, hemorrhage, CAD , dizziness,
tamoxifen
antineoplastic
antiestrogen
breast cancer
CI: coumarins, anticoagulants, DVT, embolus
SE: breast cancer, DVT, liver damage, cataract, pneumonia
tamsulosin
andrenergic blocker
BPH
SE: infection, dizziness, HA, rhinitis, retinal detachment
tdap vs DTAP
terbinafine
antifungal
topical and oral
mainly onychomycosis of nails
testosterone
Androgen
CI: breast cancer, pregnancy, prostate cancer,
SE: acne, gynecomastia, HA, URI, MI, DVT, liver damage, BPH, emboli, aggression
tiotropium bromide
anticholinergic bronchodilator
maintenance of bronchospasm in COPD and asthma
SE: arrhythmias, palpitations, anxiety, nausea
NOT FOR SINGLE USE
tofacitinib
tolterodine
thyroid USP
trastuzumab
trazadone
serotonin antagonist
For: anxiety, depression, aggression, eating disorders, dementia
SE: sedating, hypotension,
ci: mI, seizure, pregnancy - bupropione, buspirone, dextromethorphan, MAOIS, TCAS,
triamcinolone
trimethorprim sulfamethoxasole
triple antibiotic
valacyclovir
antiviral, stops replication
HSV1 and 2, varicella, herpes, encephalitis
SE: nausea, rash
valsartan
HTN for those with ACE intolerance
SE: renal dysfunction, high potassium, hypotension
varenicline
smoking cessation agent,
SE: GI, N/V, dream disorder, insomnia, cough, throat irritation, MI, night blindness, depression
DONT give with bupropion
varicella vaccine
Live vaccine,
1+ yo
2 doses
NOT IF IMMUNOSUPPRESSED, corticosteroids, preganncy
venlafaxine
warfarin
blocks vitamin K and factors 2,7,9,10
For: thrombosis, rheumatic heart disease, emboli, ischemic heart disease
SE: prolonged bleeding, hemorrhage, rash, fever, diarrhea
Monitor PTT
zidovudine
iv OR oral reverse transcriptase inhibitor/ anti viral
HIV
SE: hemotologic toxicity, liver damage
zolpidem
zoster vaccine
