Pharmacology CASE 10

Question 1

Citalopram- USE MOA

Answer 1

For depressive illness and panic disorders
SSRI
Short term - increase in sympathetic serotonin
Long term- down regulation of post synaptic serotonin receptors

Question 2

Citalopram ADR, CONTRA

Answer 2

ADR: QT interval prolongation, GI disturbances, sexual dysfunction, sleep disorders

CONTRA- If poorly controlled epileptic or pre-existing long QT interval or manic

Question 3

Lorazepam- USE, MOA

Answer 3

Used for anxiety, acute panic attacks, mild sedation

A benzodiazepine that acts on GABA receptors.
Potentiates effects of GABA which increases neuronal hyperpolarization by increasing Cl- ion influx

Question 4

Lorazepam ADR, CONTRA

Answer 4

ADR: Amnesia, confusion, ataxia
CONTRA: If respiratory weakness, if chronic psychhosis, if sleep apnoeic

Question 5

Onlanzapine USE, MOA

Answer 5

Schizophrenia, mania, bipolarism

2nd generation anti-psychotic, antagonised both 5-HT2A serotonin receptors and D2 dopamine receptors

Question 6

Onlanzapine ADR, CONTRA

Answer 6

ADR: QT interval prolongation, weight gain, insomnia, erectile dysfunction

CONTRA: If cardiovascular pathologies present

Question 7

Moclobemide USE, MOA

Answer 7

For depressive illness and social anxiety

A selective (reversoble monoamine oxidase inhibitor which can prevent MAO-mediated clearance of serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine from synaptic clefts

Question 8

Moclobemide ADR, CONTRA

Answer 8

• ADR:confused states (agitation), dizziness, dry mouth

- CONTRA:if thyrotoxicosis, if bipolar (may precipitate manic phase episodes)