Pharmacology Antibiotics/Misc

Question 1

Metronidazole MoA

Answer 1

inhibits protein synthesis in susceptible organisms when chemical structure is reduced

Question 2

What do you use metronidazole for?

Answer 2

Trich
BV
DOC for anaerobes in intra-abdominal infection
C. diff, Giardiasis, Amebiasis

Question 3

Common SE of Metronidazole

Answer 3

Flushing
T wave flattening
aseptic meningitis
nausea
metallic tast
reversible neutropenia or thrombocytopenia
?? Carcinogenic

Question 4

Contraindications for Metronidazole

Answer 4

Sever liver dz
seizure hx
blood dyscrasia
CHF
severe renal dz

Question 5

Common dx dx interactions of Metronidazole

Answer 5

Ethanol (disulfiram-like rex)
Anticoagulants
Phenytoin
Phenobarbital
Lithium
Cimetidine

Question 6

Monitoring for Methronidazole

Answer 6

LFT

CBC

Question 7

Cetriaxone MoA is what?

Answer 7

in actively growing bacterial cells, interferes with transpeptidation of bacterial cell walls by binding pen binding protein (PCP)

Question 8

Indications for Ceftriaxone are?

Answer 8

Gonorrhea
Gram+, more Gram - coverage
Acute OM, sinusitis, LFTI
Meningitis
Empiric Rx of serious infections pending C and S

Question 9

Common S/E with ceftriaxone

Answer 9

Rash
Diarrhea
Eosinophilia
Bacterial/fungal superinfection with prolonged use

Question 10

What are contraindications for Ceftriaxone?

Answer 10

anaphylaxis to PCn

Question 11

Dx Dx interactions for Cefriaxone

Answer 11

Warfarin

Question 12

Azithromycin MoA

Answer 12

reversibly bins to 50S subunit of bacterial ribosome and inhibit protein synthesis

Question 13

Azithromycin is used to treat what?

Answer 13

Chlamydia
Pcn substitute
Gonorrhea (+ceftriaxone)
CAP, PID, Acute OM, sinusitis, pharyngitis, COPD, Pertussis

Question 14

Common S/E of azithromycin

Answer 14

Possible QT prolongation

Question 15

Doxycycline MoA

Answer 15

Interferes with 30S ribosome protein production

Question 16

Doxy can be used to treat what?

Answer 16

Syphilis
Gonorrhea (with ceftriaxone, 2nd to azithro)
CAP, sinusitis, Lyme, ricketssiae, rosacea, periodontitis, cholera

Question 17

Taking Doxycycline with what food interferes with absorption?

Answer 17

antacids/milk

Question 18

Tenofavir /Emtricitabine has what MoA

Answer 18

interferes with DNA polymerase function resolution gin viral inhibition

Question 19

Tenofavir/Emtricitabine is indicated for what?

Answer 19

HIV1 and pre-exposure prophylazix

Unlabed: Hep B

Question 20

Common s/e of Tenofavir/Emtricitabine

Answer 20

resistance

Question 21

Contraindications of Tenofavir/Emtricitabine

Answer 21

Adefovir, lamivudine

high risk of liver disease

Question 22

What is the black box warning for Tenofavir/Emtricitabine

Answer 22

lactic acidosis

Question 23

Valcyclovir has MoA of what?

Answer 23

Inhibits DNA polymerase

Incorporates into viral DNA

Question 24

Valcyclovir is indicated for what?

Answer 24

HSV

Herpes zoster

Question 25

What are common s/e of valcyclovir?

Answer 25

``` NV dizziness, abdominal pain arthralgia depression fatigue rash ```

Question 26

Clotrimazole cream has what MoA?

Answer 26

Alters fungal cell wall permeability

Question 27

What is clotrimazole cream used to treat?

Answer 27

Vulvovaginal or breast Candiasis | Fungal infections

Question 28

Can you use oral diflucan in pregnancy?

Answer 28

nope

Question 29

Nitrofurantoin has what MoA?

Answer 29

Inhibits several bacterial enzyme systems including acetyl coenzyme A interfering with metabolism and possibly cell wall synthesis

Question 30

What are the indications for use of nitrofurantoin?

Answer 30

UTIs due to e.coli, S. aureus, enterococcus, klebsiella, enterobacter

Question 31

What are common s/e of nitrofurantoin?

Answer 31

pulmonary infiltration and fibrosis

Question 32

Ibuprofen MoA

Answer 32

Analgesic and anti-pyretic effects through inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis

Question 33

Indications of Ibuprofen

Answer 33

Pain, fever, HA, dysmenorrhea, RA

Question 34

Common S/E of ibu

Answer 34

``` CV thrombotic events Stroke MI GI bleed Elevated LFTs ```

Question 35

Contraindications for IBU

Answer 35

Pts for whom ASA/NSAIDs cause asthma, urticaria or allergic reactions

Question 36

Can you use ibu during pregnancy after 30 weeks gestation?

Answer 36

You shouldn't - category D