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Psychiatry > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Symptoms of lithium toxicity

A 
blurred vision 
poor concentration 
D/V
tinnitus 
anorexia 
ataxia 
nystagmus
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2
Q

Can lithium toxicity cause first degree heart block

A

YES!!

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3
Q

How to treat lithium toxicity?

A

Stop lithium
Dialysis
Rehydrate with IV fluids

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4
Q

Symptoms of NMS

A 
Fever
Postural Hypotension 
Stiffness
Coma
Seizures 
Hyperthermia
Urinary incontinence
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5
Q

Investigations for NMS

A

metabolic acidosis
increased CK
leucocytosis
prolonged QT

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6
Q

Treatment of NMS

A

stop anti-psychotics
IV fluids
Benzos

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7
Q

Cause of serotonin syndrome

A

An overdose of multiple different antidepressants or the use of an antidepressant + tramadol or amphetamines

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8
Q

Symptoms of serotonin syndrome

A 
Hyper-reflexia 
Clonus 
Coma
Shaking
Tachycardia
Tachypnoea
Dilated pupils
Increased temperature
Hallucinations
Seizures
Sweating
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9
Q

Investigations for serotonin syndrome

A

VBG, FBC, U and Es, CT head

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10
Q

Treatment for serotonin syndrome

A

supportive care through cooling
Benzos for seizures
Cyproheptadine is a serotonin antagonist

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11
Q

How do antipsychotics work

A

Dopamine D2 receptors as part of the mesolimbic system

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12
Q

Typical antipsychotics

A

haloperidol and chlorpromazine

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13
Q

Side effects of typical antipsychotics

A

Extrapyramidal

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14
Q

Atypical antipsychotics

A

olanzapine, quetiapine, clozapine

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15
Q

Side effects of atypical antipsychotics

A

Weight gain

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16
Q

What are extrapyrimdal side effects?

A 
parkinsonism 
tardive dyskinesia (chewing motion. tongue protrusion)
acute dystonia (facial grimacing, arching of head back)
17
Q

Other side effects of antipsychotics

A 
DM
Hypercholesterolaemia
Blurred vision 
urinary retention 
Dry mouth
18
Q

How do antidepressants work?

A

Increase the levels of the monoamines: serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine

19
Q

SSRI examples

A

sertraline, fluoxetine, citalopram, paroxetine

20
Q

SEs of SSRIs?

A

increased risk of suicide initially

GI SEs - n+v, reflux

21
Q

Examples of SNRIs

A

duloxetine, venlafaxine

22
Q

When are SNRIs CI

A

heart disease

23
Q

MAOIs examples

A

isocarboxazid

24
Q

SE of MAOIs

A

risk of hypertension with tyramine which is found in cheese

25
Q

Example of a TCA

A 
Amitriptyline
Amoxapine
Desipramine 
Doxepin
Imipramine
26
Q

SE of TCAs

A

dry mouth

blurred vision

27
Q

Atypical antidepressants

A

mirtazepine

28
Q

SE of mirtazapine

A

increased appetite

increased fatigue

29
Q

SEs of ECt

A

headache
Cardiac arrythmias
short term memory loss

30
Q

When is ECT recommeneded?

A

medication failure
mania
severe depression
catatonic schizophrenia

31
Q

What is dependence syndrome?

A

Craving, tolerance, continued use despite negative effects, withdrawal, use causing social, occupational, personal dysfunction, increase time looking for substance

Psychiatry (3 decks)

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