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DYS: Pharmacology + ADME > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Dyspepsia

A

patients complain of indigestion

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2
Q

What causes Dyspepsia

A

Acid being too much or in the wrong place

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3
Q

What are the 4 conditions related to Dyspepsia

A

GORD
Gastritis
Peptic ulceration
Zollinger-ellison syndrome

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4
Q

GORD

A

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease

- reflux of acidic contents into the oesophagus

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5
Q

Symptoms of GORD

A

Worsened bending forwards
Burning feeling after eating
Reflux of gastric contents into mouth
Patients complain of indigestion

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6
Q

Causes of GORD

A 
Weak sphincter
- relaxed by drugs
Increased intra-abdominal pressure
- pregnancy
- obesity
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7
Q

Gastritis

A

Inflammation/irritation of stomach lining

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8
Q

Causes of Gastritis

A

Alcohol
NSAIDs
Infection

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9
Q

Causes of peptic ulceration

A

Helicobacter pylori = 80 - 90% of patients with duodenal ulcer

NSAID-INDUCED = 70% with gastric ulcer

Infection can lead to chronic inflammation + gastric damage (gastritis) + leads to ulceration

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10
Q

Zollinger-ellison

A

Very rare

Tumour secreting gastrin which stimulates gastric acid release

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11
Q

Symptom

A

A clinical change in a person suggestive of disease

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12
Q

Sign

A

A clinical change in a patient which is observed by a clinician to indicate disease

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13
Q

Causes chest pain

A 
Heart attack
Musculoskeletal
Respiratory
Gastric origin (indigestion; reflux oesophagitis)
Angina
Heart attack
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14
Q

Angina induced

A

Exercise
Emotional stress
Radiating to Jaw

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15
Q

How do diagnose angina + heart attack

A

ECG

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16
Q

Signs + symptoms of peptic ulceration

A 
Epigastric pain @ pointing
Hunger pain
Night pain
Waterbrash -  water in the mouth
Nausea + less freq vomiting
Vomiting blood
17
Q

How can heart attack + angina be relieved

A

Glyceryl trinitrate

Rest

18
Q

Warning signs of indigestion

A 
> 55 years
Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing
Haematesmesis (vomiting blood)
Melaena (tarry stools)
Weight loss
Anaemia
Upper abdominal masses
Persistent symptoms
19
Q

Goals of treatment

A

Symptomatic relief / cure

- lifestyle changes (avoid drugs, food, smoking + propping up bed; removing belt in GORD)

DYS: Pharmacology + ADME (6 decks)

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