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CIC > pharmacology > Flashcards

pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

path in which drug or other substance is taken into the body

A

Route of administration

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2
Q

Epicutaneous, Inhalational, Enema, Eye drops, Ear drops

A

Topical Routes of administration

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3
Q

Enteral Routes of administration

A

Oral, tube, rectal

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4
Q

Intravenous, Intra-arterial, Intraosseous, Intra-muscuar, Intracerebral, Intracerebroventricular, Intrathecal, Subcutaneous

A

Parenteral routes of administration

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5
Q

How chemical agents affect living processes

A

pharmacology

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6
Q

Scientific name based on molecular structure of the drug

A

Chemical name

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7
Q

Cardiovascular system drugs

A

antianginal, antihypertensive, diuretic, vasoconstrictor, anticoagulant, angiotensin convertingenzyme inhibitors ACE

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8
Q

nitrates, beta blockers and calcium channel blockers

A

antianginal

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9
Q

nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate

A

nitrates

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10
Q

metoprolol. oxprenolol, sotalol

A

beta blockers

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11
Q

verapamil. amlodipine. ditiazem

A

calcium channel blockers

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12
Q

thiazide diuretics and ace inhibitors treat what conditions

A

hypertension, chf and edema

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13
Q

three types of vasodilators are

A

arterial. venous and mixed

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14
Q

hydralazine is what type of vasodilator

A

arterial

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15
Q

nitroglycerin is what type of vasodilator

A

venous

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16
Q

ace inhibitor is what type of vasodilator

A

mixed

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17
Q

lasix, esidrix, zaroxolyn and aldactone are what class of drug

A

diuretic

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18
Q

what type of drug is used to treat hypotension

A

vasoconstrictor

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19
Q

what are the two classes of vasoconstrictors

A

sympathomimetic and non sympathomimetic

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20
Q

anticoagulants are used to treat or prevent what conditions

A

thrombosis and embolism

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21
Q

coumadin warfarin and heparin are what class of drug

A

anticoagulant

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22
Q

enlapril, lisinopril, ramipril are what class of drugs

A

ACE inhibitor

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23
Q

corticosteriods, diabetes mellitus, lipid lowering drugs, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are drugs that affect what body system

A

endocrine

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24
Q

main use of corticosteroid drugs is

A

inflammatory conditions affecting joints, skin, digestive tract, respiratory, eyes and ears

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25
Q

what hormone regulates corticosteroid production and where is it made

A

corticotropin made by the pituitary glad

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26
Q

what gland produces cortiosteroids

A

adrenal

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27
Q

osteoporosis and weight gain are side effects from long term use of what drug

A

corticosteroids

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28
Q

prednisolone, methlyprednisolone, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone are what class of drug

A

corticosteroids

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29
Q

when the body does not produce sufficient insulin and synthetic insulin is needed in what type of dm

A

type 1

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30
Q

when your body tissues may have reduced sensitivity to the action of insulin is what type of dm

A

type 2

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31
Q

insulin is always used to treat what type of dm

A

type 1

32
Q

what type of drug is used to treat type 2 dm

A

antidiabetic

33
Q

sulphonylureas biguanides and thiazolidinediones are used to treat what conditions

A

dm type 2

34
Q

acarbose, repaglinide, nateglinide and glitazones are what class of drug

A

thiazolidineodiones

35
Q

Metformin is what class of drug

A

biguanides

36
Q

what class of drugs stimulates the pancreas to produce more insulin

A

sulphonylurea

37
Q

diabeta, glucotrol, amaryl and orinase are what class of drug

A

sulphonylurea

38
Q

two side effects of sulphonyluric drugs are

A

increased appetite and weight gain

39
Q

levothyroxine and liothyronine and synthriod are drugs used to treat what conditions

A

hypothyroidism

40
Q

insufficient production of thyroid hormones in particular the T4 hormone is what condition

A

hypothyroidism

41
Q

what can cause hypothyroidism

A

inflammation of the thyroid, previous radiation tx or overactive thyroid, congenital deficient thyroid

42
Q

tremor, weight loss and rapid irregular heartbeat are a result of

A

incorrect dosage of hyopthyroid medication

43
Q

carbimazole (brand names neomercazole and vidalta) are used to treat what condition

A

hyperthyroidism

44
Q

neutropenia and agranuloytosis are serious side effects of what class of drugs

A

hyperthyroidism

45
Q

statins, fibrates, nicotinic acid and drugs that bind to bile salts are used to do what

A

lipid lowering drugs

46
Q

these drugs reduce the formation of cholesterol and tryglycerides in the body

A

statins

47
Q

long term use of statins may affect what body function

A

liver

48
Q

ipitor, mevacor, lovastatin, crestor and zocor are what kind of lipid lowering drug

A

statins

49
Q

these drugs are effective in lowering levels of both cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood

A

fibrates

50
Q

lopid, tricor and atromid-s are what kind of lipid lowering drug

A

fibrates

51
Q

what kind of patients should not use fibrate lipid lowering drugs

A

kidney, liver and gallblader patients

52
Q

what is used to reduced excessively high levels of cholesterol or triglycerides and should only be used when other drugs have proven to be ineffective

A

nicotonic acid and derivatives

53
Q

these drugs lower blood cholesterol by reducing fat absorption in the intestines

A

drugs that bind to bile salts

54
Q

what vitamin supplement may be necessary in a patient that takes drugs that bind to bile salts

A

vitamin K

55
Q

what condition is caused by stomach acid backflowing into the esophagus

A

GERD

56
Q

inflammation of the lining of the digestive tract

A

Crohns disease

57
Q

adalimumab is used to treat

A

Crohns disease

58
Q

esomeprazole magnesium, metoclopramide, omeprazole, famotidine. pantoprazole and lansoprazole are used to treat what two conditions

A

GERD and ulcers

59
Q

ranitidine is used to treat what

A

ulcers

60
Q

sympathomimetic, anticholinergics and xanthines are what class of drug

A

bronchodilators

61
Q

bronchodilator that takes effect within 10 mins

A

sympathomimetic

62
Q

proventil and ventolin are what type of drug

A

sympathomimetic bronchodilator

63
Q

used to treat copd in conjunction with sympathomimetic drugs

A

anticholinergics

64
Q

atrovent and spiriva are what class of drug

A

anticholinergic bronchdilator

65
Q

anticholinergic bronchodilators in serious cases may cause what condition

A

acute glaucoma

66
Q

prolonged action of this bronchodilator makes them useful for what

A

night time asthma attacks

67
Q

theophyline, aminophylline, theo-dur, slo-bid are what class of drug

A

xanthine bronchodilator

68
Q

musculoskelaetal system drugs include what 3 classes of drugs

A

NSAID antirheumatic and muscle relaxants

69
Q

used to relieve pain and inflammation in muscles and joints

A

NSAID

70
Q

ibuprofen, dicofenac, etodolac, naproxen are what class of drugs

A

NSAID

71
Q

used to treat RA and SLE

A

antirheumatic drugs

72
Q

DMARD stands for

A

disease modifying antirheumatic drugs

73
Q

many of the DMARD are what kind of supressant

A

immunosupressants

74
Q

reduces the level of natural chemical called tumor necrosis factor-alpha TNF-alpha

A

biological DMARD drugs

75
Q

serious side effects such as kidney, liver, blood or eye problems of what class of drugs

A

DMARD

76
Q

methotrexate, ciclosporin, infliximaband rituximab are what class of drugs

A

DMARD

77
Q

diazepam (valium), metazalone (skelaxin) and carisoprodol (Soma) are what class of drugs

A

muscle relaxants

CIC (2 decks)

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