pharmacology Flashcards
what is an agonist
a chemical that acts on the receptor to promote a response
what is a partial agonist
a chemical that doesn’t elicit the full response
what is an antagonist
acts on the receptor to promote a response by binding to the target protein.
what is the mnemonic for pharmokinetics
ADME absorbsion distribution metabolism excretion
what are acidic drugs
acidic drugs are ionised and already charged to be absorbed by the lining
alkaline drugs
alkaline drugs cant be absorbed in the stomachs adcic environmet so theyre absorbed in the small intestine
what is enteral hepatic cyling?
drugs are absorbed from the small intestine to the liver and through the hepatic veins
how do drugs react in the large intestine?
they bind to food molecules which stops the food from digesting further or they bind to bacteria in he illium to be digested.
how can metabolism affect different patients
some people metabolise so fast in the liver that they need higher doses and some people metabolise so slow that they become toxic in the process.
why is GTN given by inhilation
it has a low bioavailability and would be metabolised too quickly through the GI tract before it reaches the circulatory system and reaches the target site.
pharmacodynamic vs pharmokinetics
pharmacodynamic is the effect of the drug on the body but pharmokinetics if the effect of the body in the drug
what is theraputic range
that is the plasma concentration that produces the desired effect and producing toxicity. for example some medications have a small theraputic window for the desired effect and an overdose.
name 3 drug targets
opiate receptors, proton pump carrier, beta 1 and beta 2 receptors, sesitive potassium ion channel.
what is pharmacodynamics
looking at what the drug does in the body: stimulate, stop, enhance etc.
what is pharmacokinetics
looking at the movement of drugs through the body: ADME
