Pharm Flashcards
Key drug interaction for azathioprine
Interacts w/ anti-gout drugs Allopurinol and Febuxostat, leading to increasdAzathioprine and associated toxicity.
What is the rare risk associated with Mycophenolate/Mofetil?
Rare risk of progressive multifocal leukoencepalopathy (PML)
(fatal viral disease caused by reactivation of JC virus)
How are calcineurin inhibitors (Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus) metabolized and what risk does this pose? What are the key AE associated with this drug class?
- Metabolized by CYP3A4 which opens the riskof many drug interactions
- AE: Nephrotoxicity and HTN
Name the key AE associated with both Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin and Alemtuzumab.
Cytokine release syndrome
Name the (2) key AE associated with Fingolimod
- Bradyarrhythmia
- AV Block
Key AE associated with Natalizumab
Increased risk of Progressive multifocal leukoencepalopathy (PML), especially if:
- Prior use of immunosuppression
- Seropositive for JC virus
- Chronic treatment
What is TB drug Isoniazid activated by and what does it act upon?
Static or cidal?
Activated by TB katG
Acts on inhA gene product to inhibit cell wall mycolic acid synthesis
Cidal for replicators; static for resting orgs.
Rifampin MOA for TB treatment
Cidal or Static?
Inhibits rpoB product DNA-dependent RNA pol.
Cidal
Ethambutol MOA for TB treatment
Cidal or static?
Inhibits embB product arabinosyl transferase, blocking cell wall synthesis
Static
How is pyrazinamide activated?
Cidal or static?
Activated by TB pncA product pyrazinamidase.
Cidal
Streptomycin MOA
Binds ribosome, inhibiting protein synthesis
Most common drug-drug interaction on the planet
RIfampin
It induces liver enzymes and effects more than 100 drugs
What defines MDR-TB? XDR-TB?
MDR: Resistance to both INH and Rifampin
XDR: Resistance to INH, Rifampin, a fluoro, and 1 of 3 Aminoglycosides
