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Complex Adult Dentistry > Perscribing/Drugs > Flashcards

Perscribing/Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Cap?

A

Capsule

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2
Q

Tabs?

A

Tablets

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3
Q

Mg?

A

Milligrams

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4
Q

Mcg?

A

Micro grams

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5
Q

Ml?

A

Millilitres

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6
Q

Motte?

A

Send

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7
Q

Nocte?

A

At night

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8
Q

Mane?

A

Morning

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9
Q

Bid/bd?

A

Twice a day

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10
Q

Tid/tds?

A

Three times a day

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11
Q

Qid/qds?

A

Four times a day

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12
Q

Prn?

A

As needed/required

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13
Q

Stat?

A

Immediately

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14
Q

What is the first step to treat a bacterial infection?

A

Local measures, drainage/exodontia

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15
Q

What do you do in the case of significant trismus, floor of mouth swelling or difficulty breathing?

A

Transfer to hospital immediately

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16
Q

What are the first line antibiotics for dentists?

A

Phenocymethylpenicillin (250mg tabs)
2 tablets (500mg) four times a day
For 5 days

Amoxicillin (500mg caps)
1 tablet (500mg) three times a day
5 days

Both above can be doubled in severe infection

In sever infections or penicillin allergy:

Metronidazole (400mg tabs)
1 tablet 3 times a day
5 days

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17
Q

What are the second line antibiotics for dentists?

A

Clindamycin (150mg capsules)
1 capsule 4 times a day with water
5 days
Dose same for kids over 12

Co-amoxiclav (250/150mg amoxicillin/calvunic acid tabs)
1 tablet 3 times a day
5 days
Dose same for kids over 12
Amoxicillin dose can be doubled 625mg total

Clarithromycim (250mg tabs)
1 tablet twice a day
7 days
Kids dependant on body weight

18
Q

How is acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis treated in the first instance?

A

Scaling and OHI

19
Q

How is pericoronitis treated in the first instance?

A

Irrigation with saline and debridement

20
Q

What is the treatment for Acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis and pericoronitis when it’s still progressing and there is systemic infections?

A

Metronidazole (400mg tabs)
1 tablet three times a day
3days for ANUG/5 days pericoronitis

Amoxicillin (500mg caps)
1 capsule three times a day
3 days ANUG/5days pericoronitis

21
Q

How is sinusitis treated in the first instance?

A

Steam/Menthol inhilation

This isn’t suitable for children

22
Q

How is sinusitis treated if local measures don’t work?

A

Ephedrine nasal drops 0.5%
10ml bottle
1 drop into each nostril up to three times a day as needed for 7 days

Same for kids over 12

Antibiotics used in persistent symptoms or purulent discharge (lasting more than 7 days)

Phenoxymethylpenicillin (250mg caps) 
2 capsules (500mg) four times a day for 5 days

Or

Doxycycline (100mg caps)
2 capsules first day then 1 per day for 7 days

23
Q

How is dry socket treated locally?

A

Rinse socket with warm saline
Place small amount of alveogyl into socket.

Ask pt to continue with hot salt water mouth wash

24
Q

When are antibiotics used in dry socket treatment?

A

Only when evidence of soft tissue infection and systemic spread.

25
Q

What is the treatment for candidosis?

A

Fluconazole (50mg caps)
1 capsule daily for 7 days

Miconazole oromucosal gel 24mmg/ml
18g tube
Apply a pea sized amount after food

Above can’t be used with the third taking warfarin and statins

Nystatin oral suspension 100,000 unit/ml
Send 30mls
1ml after food four times a day

Rinse suspension around mouth then hold for 5 minutes before swallowing. Continue for 48 hours after lesion had healed

26
Q

What are the causes of angular cheilitis?

A

Fungal most likely in denture wearing patients

Bacterial in non wearing denture patients

27
Q

What are the treatments for angular cheilitis?

A

Miconazole cream 2%
20g tube
Apply to angles of the mouth twice a day
Use for 10 days after lesions have healed

If bacterial

Sodium fusidate ointment 2%
15g tube
Apply to angles of mouth four times daily
(No more than 10 days)

If unresponsive to above treatment

Miconazole 2% and hydrocortisone 1% cream
30g tube
Apply twice daily for 7 days

Don’t prescribe miconazole for statin or warfarin patients

28
Q

What are treatments for viral infections such as herpes?

A

Chlorohexadone mouthwash 0.2%
Rinse for 1 min with 10ml twice a day

Hydrogen peroxide 6%
Rinse for 2 mins with 15ml diluted in half a cup of water

29
Q

How is herpes labialis cured?

A

Aciclovir cream 5%5

Apply every 4 hours 5 times a day

30
Q

What is prescribed for odontogenic pain?

A

Paracetamol 500mg

2 tablets 4 times a day

Ibuprofen 400mg

One tablet 4 times a day

The above is the maximum daily does

4g and 2.4g

Ibuprofen should be after food

31
Q

What is given for moderate inflammatory or post operative pain?

A

Diclofenac spdium tablets 50mg
1 tablet 3 times a day
5 days

Asprin dispersible tablets 300mg
2 tablets 4 times a day

32
Q

What need to be used in conjunction with NSAIDs in patients with stomach problems?

A

Protein pump inhibitors (PPI)

Lanzoprazole caps 15mg
One capsules once a day

Gastro-resistant omeprazole tablets 20mg

1 capsule once a day

Same length of time as NSAIDs

33
Q

How is trigeminal Neuralgia treated?

A

If suspected give carbamazepine tablets 100mg
1 tablet twice a day

If positive response then diagnosis confirmed and make urgent referral

34
Q

What is given for oral sedation?

A

Diazepam tablets 5-10mg depending on anxiety and weight.

1 tablet night before
1 tablet one hour pre-op

35
Q

Interactions of metronidazole?

A

Alcoholics

Warfarin may be enhanced

36
Q

Erythromycin interactions?

A

Cause nausea vomiting diarrhoea avoid in pts with warfarin or statins

37
Q

Clindamycin interactions?

A

Avoid in pts with diarrhoea state and discontinue if diarrhoea or colitis occurs

38
Q

Doxycycline interactions?

A

May cause nausea vomiting diarrhoea dysphasia photo sensitivity

Warfarin may be enhanced
Avoid in patients with hepatic impairment

39
Q

Flucanazole & miconazole interactions?

A

Avoid warfarin and statin patients

40
Q

Ibuprofen. Aspirin and diclofenac interactions?

A

Avoid in pts with allergy to NSAIDs and asprin as may cause asthma attack

Avoid in patients on low dose aspirin

Caution in elderly pregnant nursing mothers warfarin coagulation defects renal cardiac or hepatic involvement

41
Q

Lanzoprazole and omeprazole interactions?

A

Caution in liver disease pregnancy and nursing mothers

Complex Adult Dentistry (5 decks)

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